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RubyVM::InstructionSequence

The InstructionSequence class represents a compiled sequence of instructions for the Virtual Machine used in MRI. Not all implementations of Ruby may implement this class, and for the implementations that implement it, the methods defined and behavior of the methods can change in any version.

With it, you can get a handle to the instructions that make up a method or a proc, compile strings of Ruby code down to VM instructions, and disassemble instruction sequences to strings for easy inspection. It is mostly useful if you want to learn how YARV works, but it also lets you control various settings for the Ruby iseq compiler.

You can find the source for the VM instructions in insns.def in the Ruby source.

The instruction sequence results will almost certainly change as Ruby changes, so example output in this documentation may be different from what you see.

Of course, this class is MRI specific.

Net::HTTPRetriableError

No documentation available

Net::HTTPGenericRequest

HTTPGenericRequest is the parent of the Net::HTTPRequest class. Do not use this directly; use a subclass of Net::HTTPRequest.

Mixes in the Net::HTTPHeader module to provide easier access to HTTP headers.

Net::HTTPRequestURITooLong

Response class for URI Too Long responses (status code 414).

The URI provided was too long for the server to process. See 414 URI Too Long.

Net::HTTPRequestURITooLarge

Response class for URI Too Long responses (status code 414).

The URI provided was too long for the server to process. See 414 URI Too Long.

Net::HTTPRequestHeaderFieldsTooLarge

Response class for Request Header Fields Too Large responses (status code 431).

An individual header field is too large, or all the header fields collectively, are too large. See 431 Request Header Fields Too Large.

Net::ProtoRetriableError

No documentation available

Racc::StateTransitionTable

No documentation available

Racc::StateTransitionTableGenerator

No documentation available

Reline::KeyStroke

No documentation available

Gem::RemoteInstallationSkipped

No documentation available

Gem::StreamUI

Gem::StreamUI implements a simple stream based user interface.

SyntaxSuggest::LeftRightLexCount

Find mis-matched syntax based on lexical count

Used for detecting missing pairs of elements each keyword needs an end, each ‘{’ needs a ‘}’ etc.

Example:

left_right = LeftRightLexCount.new
left_right.count_kw
left_right.missing.first
# => "end"

left_right = LeftRightLexCount.new
source = "{ a: b, c: d" # Note missing '}'
LexAll.new(source: source).each do |lex|
  left_right.count_lex(lex)
end
left_right.missing.first
# => "}"

SyntaxSuggest::PriorityEngulfQueue

Keeps track of what elements are in the queue in priority and also ensures that when one element engulfs/covers/eats another that the larger element evicts the smaller element

SyntaxSuggest::PriorityQueue

Holds elements in a priority heap on insert

Instead of constantly calling ‘sort!`, put the element where it belongs the first time around

Example:

queue = PriorityQueue.new
queue << 33
queue << 44
queue << 1

puts queue.peek # => 44

SyntaxSuggest::RipperErrors

Capture parse errors from ripper

Example:

puts RipperErrors.new(" def foo").call.errors
# => ["syntax error, unexpected end-of-input, expecting ';' or '\\n'"]

Fiddle::CStructBuilder

Used to construct C classes (CUnion, CStruct, etc)

Fiddle::Importer#struct and Fiddle::Importer#union wrap this functionality in an easy-to-use manner.

Psych::Streaming

No documentation available

FileUtils::StreamUtils_

No documentation available

Gem::InstallerUninstallerUtils

Helper methods for both Gem::Installer and Gem::Uninstaller

Numeric

Numeric is the class from which all higher-level numeric classes should inherit.

Numeric allows instantiation of heap-allocated objects. Other core numeric classes such as Integer are implemented as immediates, which means that each Integer is a single immutable object which is always passed by value.

a = 1
1.object_id == a.object_id   #=> true

There can only ever be one instance of the integer 1, for example. Ruby ensures this by preventing instantiation. If duplication is attempted, the same instance is returned.

Integer.new(1)                   #=> NoMethodError: undefined method `new' for Integer:Class
1.dup                            #=> 1
1.object_id == 1.dup.object_id   #=> true

For this reason, Numeric should be used when defining other numeric classes.

Classes which inherit from Numeric must implement coerce, which returns a two-member Array containing an object that has been coerced into an instance of the new class and self (see coerce).

Inheriting classes should also implement arithmetic operator methods (+, -, * and /) and the <=> operator (see Comparable). These methods may rely on coerce to ensure interoperability with instances of other numeric classes.

class Tally < Numeric
  def initialize(string)
    @string = string
  end

  def to_s
    @string
  end

  def to_i
    @string.size
  end

  def coerce(other)
    [self.class.new('|' * other.to_i), self]
  end

  def <=>(other)
    to_i <=> other.to_i
  end

  def +(other)
    self.class.new('|' * (to_i + other.to_i))
  end

  def -(other)
    self.class.new('|' * (to_i - other.to_i))
  end

  def *(other)
    self.class.new('|' * (to_i * other.to_i))
  end

  def /(other)
    self.class.new('|' * (to_i / other.to_i))
  end
end

tally = Tally.new('||')
puts tally * 2            #=> "||||"
puts tally > 1            #=> true

What’s Here

First, what’s elsewhere. Class Numeric:

Here, class Numeric provides methods for:

Querying

Comparing

Converting

Other

StopIteration

Raised to stop the iteration, in particular by Enumerator#next. It is rescued by Kernel#loop.

loop do
  puts "Hello"
  raise StopIteration
  puts "World"
end
puts "Done!"

produces:

Hello
Done!

SystemExit

Raised by exit to initiate the termination of the script.

StandardError

The most standard error types are subclasses of StandardError. A rescue clause without an explicit Exception class will rescue all StandardErrors (and only those).

def foo
  raise "Oups"
end
foo rescue "Hello"   #=> "Hello"

On the other hand:

require 'does/not/exist' rescue "Hi"

raises the exception:

LoadError: no such file to load -- does/not/exist

SecurityError

No longer used by internal code.

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