creates an Addrinfo
object from the arguments.
The arguments are interpreted as similar to self.
Addrinfo.tcp("0.0.0.0", 4649).family_addrinfo("www.ruby-lang.org", 80) #=> #<Addrinfo: 221.186.184.68:80 TCP (www.ruby-lang.org:80)> Addrinfo.unix("/tmp/sock").family_addrinfo("/tmp/sock2") #=> #<Addrinfo: /tmp/sock2 SOCK_STREAM>
creates a new Socket
connected to the address of local_addrinfo
.
If local_addrinfo is nil, the address of the socket is not bound.
The timeout specify the seconds for timeout. Errno::ETIMEDOUT is raised when timeout occur.
If a block is given the created socket is yielded for each address.
Returns true for IPv6 link local address (fe80::/10). It returns false otherwise.
Returns true for IPv6 site local address (fec0::/10). It returns false otherwise.
Returns the Encoding
object that represents the encoding of the file. If the stream is write mode and no encoding is specified, returns nil
.
Returns the Encoding
of the internal string if conversion is specified. Otherwise returns nil
.
Returns a shallow copy of self
; the [stored string] in the copy is the same string as in self
.
Returns an array of captured substrings, or nil
of none.
For each specifier
, the returned substring is [specifier]
; see []
.
scanner = StringScanner.new('Fri Dec 12 1975 14:39') pattern = /(?<wday>\w+) (?<month>\w+) (?<day>\d+) / scanner.match?(pattern) scanner.values_at(*0..3) # => ["Fri Dec 12 ", "Fri", "Dec", "12"] scanner.values_at(*%i[wday month day]) # => ["Fri", "Dec", "12"]
Executes the given block within the context of the receiver (obj). In order to set the context, the variable self
is set to obj while the code is executing, giving the code access to obj’s instance variables. Arguments are passed as block parameters.
class KlassWithSecret def initialize @secret = 99 end end k = KlassWithSecret.new k.instance_exec(5) {|x| @secret+x } #=> 104
Replaces the entire contents of self
with the contents of other_hash
; returns self
:
h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2} h.replace({bat: 3, bam: 4}) # => {:bat=>3, :bam=>4}
Calls the given block with each value; returns self
:
h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2} h.each_value {|value| puts value } # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}
Output:
0 1 2
Returns a new Enumerator
if no block given:
h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2} e = h.each_value # => #<Enumerator: {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}:each_value> h1 = e.each {|value| puts value } h1 # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}
Output:
0 1 2
Returns a new Hash
object; each entry has:
A key from self
.
A value provided by the block.
Transform values:
h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2} h1 = h.transform_values {|value| value * 100} h1 # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>100, :baz=>200}
Returns a new Enumerator
if no block given:
h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2} e = h.transform_values # => #<Enumerator: {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}:transform_values> h1 = e.each { |value| value * 100} h1 # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>100, :baz=>200}
Returns self
, whose keys are unchanged, and whose values are determined by the given block.
h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2} h.transform_values! {|value| value * 100} # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>100, :baz=>200}
Returns a new Enumerator
if no block given:
h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2} e = h.transform_values! # => #<Enumerator: {:foo=>0, :bar=>100, :baz=>200}:transform_values!> h1 = e.each {|value| value * 100} h1 # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>100, :baz=>200}
Returns a new Array
containing values for the given keys
:
h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2} h.values_at(:baz, :foo) # => [2, 0]
The default values are returned for any keys that are not found:
h.values_at(:hello, :foo) # => [nil, 0]
Returns a new Array
containing the values associated with the given keys *keys:
h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2} h.fetch_values(:baz, :foo) # => [2, 0]
Returns a new empty Array
if no arguments given.
When a block is given, calls the block with each missing key, treating the block’s return value as the value for that key:
h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2} values = h.fetch_values(:bar, :foo, :bad, :bam) {|key| key.to_s} values # => [1, 0, "bad", "bam"]
When no block is given, raises an exception if any given key is not found.
Returns true
if value
is a value in self
, otherwise false
.
Yields each environment variable value:
ENV.replace('foo' => '0', 'bar' => '1') # => ENV values = [] ENV.each_value { |value| values.push(value) } # => ENV values # => ["1", "0"]
Returns an Enumerator
if no block given:
e = ENV.each_value # => #<Enumerator: {"bar"=>"1", "foo"=>"0"}:each_value> values = [] e.each { |value| values.push(value) } # => ENV values # => ["1", "0"]
Returns an Array
containing the environment variable values associated with the given names:
ENV.replace('foo' => '0', 'bar' => '1', 'baz' => '2') ENV.values_at('foo', 'baz') # => ["0", "2"]
Returns nil
in the Array
for each name that is not an ENV
name:
ENV.values_at('foo', 'bat', 'bar', 'bam') # => ["0", nil, "1", nil]
Returns an empty Array
if no names given.
Raises an exception if any name is invalid. See Invalid Names and Values.
Returns true
if value
is the value for some environment variable name, false
otherwise:
ENV.replace('foo' => '0', 'bar' => '1') ENV.value?('0') # => true ENV.has_value?('0') # => true ENV.value?('2') # => false ENV.has_value?('2') # => false
Returns the external encoding for files read from ARGF
as an Encoding
object. The external encoding is the encoding of the text as stored in a file. Contrast with ARGF.internal_encoding
, which is the encoding used to represent this text within Ruby.
To set the external encoding use ARGF.set_encoding
.
For example:
ARGF.external_encoding #=> #<Encoding:UTF-8>
Returns the internal encoding for strings read from ARGF
as an Encoding
object.
If ARGF.set_encoding
has been called with two encoding names, the second is returned. Otherwise, if Encoding.default_external
has been set, that value is returned. Failing that, if a default external encoding was specified on the command-line, that value is used. If the encoding is unknown, nil
is returned.
Serialization support for the object returned by _getobj_.
Reinitializes delegation from a serialized object.
Returns true if the ipaddr is a link-local address. IPv4 addresses in 169.254.0.0/16 reserved by RFC 3927 and link-local IPv6 Unicast Addresses in fe80::/10 reserved by RFC 4291 are considered link-local. Link-local IPv4 addresses in the IPv4-mapped IPv6 address range are also considered link-local.