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SyntaxSuggest.handle_error [Public]

Takes a ‘SyntaxError` exception, uses the error message to locate the file. Then the file will be analyzed to find the location of the syntax error and emit that location to stderr.

Example:

begin
  require 'bad_file'
rescue => e
  SyntaxSuggest.handle_error(e)
end

By default it will re-raise the exception unless ‘re_raise: false`. The message output location can be configured using the `io: $stderr` input.

If a valid filename cannot be determined, the original exception will be re-raised (even with ‘re_raise: false`).

Returns a time returned by POSIX clock_gettime() function.

p Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
#=> 896053.968060096

clock_id specifies a kind of clock. It is specified as a constant which begins with Process::CLOCK_ such as Process::CLOCK_REALTIME and Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC.

The supported constants depends on OS and version. Ruby provides following types of clock_id if available.

CLOCK_REALTIME

SUSv2 to 4, Linux 2.5.63, FreeBSD 3.0, NetBSD 2.0, OpenBSD 2.1, macOS 10.12, Windows-8/Server-2012

CLOCK_MONOTONIC

SUSv3 to 4, Linux 2.5.63, FreeBSD 3.0, NetBSD 2.0, OpenBSD 3.4, macOS 10.12, Windows-2000

CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID

SUSv3 to 4, Linux 2.5.63, FreeBSD 9.3, OpenBSD 5.4, macOS 10.12

CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID

SUSv3 to 4, Linux 2.5.63, FreeBSD 7.1, OpenBSD 5.4, macOS 10.12

CLOCK_VIRTUAL

FreeBSD 3.0, OpenBSD 2.1

CLOCK_PROF

FreeBSD 3.0, OpenBSD 2.1

CLOCK_REALTIME_FAST

FreeBSD 8.1

CLOCK_REALTIME_PRECISE

FreeBSD 8.1

CLOCK_REALTIME_COARSE

Linux 2.6.32

CLOCK_REALTIME_ALARM

Linux 3.0

CLOCK_MONOTONIC_FAST

FreeBSD 8.1

CLOCK_MONOTONIC_PRECISE

FreeBSD 8.1

CLOCK_MONOTONIC_COARSE

Linux 2.6.32

CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW

Linux 2.6.28, macOS 10.12

CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW_APPROX

macOS 10.12

CLOCK_BOOTTIME

Linux 2.6.39

CLOCK_BOOTTIME_ALARM

Linux 3.0

CLOCK_UPTIME

FreeBSD 7.0, OpenBSD 5.5

CLOCK_UPTIME_FAST

FreeBSD 8.1

CLOCK_UPTIME_RAW

macOS 10.12

CLOCK_UPTIME_RAW_APPROX

macOS 10.12

CLOCK_UPTIME_PRECISE

FreeBSD 8.1

CLOCK_SECOND

FreeBSD 8.1

CLOCK_TAI

Linux 3.10

Note that SUS stands for Single Unix Specification. SUS contains POSIX and clock_gettime is defined in the POSIX part. SUS defines CLOCK_REALTIME mandatory but CLOCK_MONOTONIC, CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID and CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID are optional.

Also, several symbols are accepted as clock_id. There are emulations for clock_gettime().

For example, Process::CLOCK_REALTIME is defined as :GETTIMEOFDAY_BASED_CLOCK_REALTIME when clock_gettime() is not available.

Emulations for CLOCK_REALTIME:

:GETTIMEOFDAY_BASED_CLOCK_REALTIME

Use gettimeofday() defined by SUS. (SUSv4 obsoleted it, though.) The resolution is 1 microsecond.

:TIME_BASED_CLOCK_REALTIME

Use time() defined by ISO C. The resolution is 1 second.

Emulations for CLOCK_MONOTONIC:

:MACH_ABSOLUTE_TIME_BASED_CLOCK_MONOTONIC

Use mach_absolute_time(), available on Darwin. The resolution is CPU dependent.

:TIMES_BASED_CLOCK_MONOTONIC

Use the result value of times() defined by POSIX. POSIX defines it as “times() shall return the elapsed real time, in clock ticks, since an arbitrary point in the past (for example, system start-up time)”. For example, GNU/Linux returns a value based on jiffies and it is monotonic. However, 4.4BSD uses gettimeofday() and it is not monotonic. (FreeBSD uses clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) instead, though.) The resolution is the clock tick. “getconf CLK_TCK” command shows the clock ticks per second. (The clock ticks per second is defined by HZ macro in older systems.) If it is 100 and clock_t is 32 bits integer type, the resolution is 10 millisecond and cannot represent over 497 days.

Emulations for CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID:

:GETRUSAGE_BASED_CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID

Use getrusage() defined by SUS. getrusage() is used with RUSAGE_SELF to obtain the time only for the calling process (excluding the time for child processes). The result is addition of user time (ru_utime) and system time (ru_stime). The resolution is 1 microsecond.

:TIMES_BASED_CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID

Use times() defined by POSIX. The result is addition of user time (tms_utime) and system time (tms_stime). tms_cutime and tms_cstime are ignored to exclude the time for child processes. The resolution is the clock tick. “getconf CLK_TCK” command shows the clock ticks per second. (The clock ticks per second is defined by HZ macro in older systems.) If it is 100, the resolution is 10 millisecond.

:CLOCK_BASED_CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID

Use clock() defined by ISO C. The resolution is 1/CLOCKS_PER_SEC. CLOCKS_PER_SEC is the C-level macro defined by time.h. SUS defines CLOCKS_PER_SEC is 1000000. Non-Unix systems may define it a different value, though. If CLOCKS_PER_SEC is 1000000 as SUS, the resolution is 1 microsecond. If CLOCKS_PER_SEC is 1000000 and clock_t is 32 bits integer type, it cannot represent over 72 minutes.

If the given clock_id is not supported, Errno::EINVAL is raised.

unit specifies a type of the return value.

:float_second

number of seconds as a float (default)

:float_millisecond

number of milliseconds as a float

:float_microsecond

number of microseconds as a float

:second

number of seconds as an integer

:millisecond

number of milliseconds as an integer

:microsecond

number of microseconds as an integer

:nanosecond

number of nanoseconds as an integer

The underlying function, clock_gettime(), returns a number of nanoseconds. Float object (IEEE 754 double) is not enough to represent the return value for CLOCK_REALTIME. If the exact nanoseconds value is required, use :nanosecond as the unit.

The origin (zero) of the returned value varies. For example, system start up time, process start up time, the Epoch, etc.

The origin in CLOCK_REALTIME is defined as the Epoch (1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC). But some systems count leap seconds and others doesn’t. So the result can be interpreted differently across systems. Time.now is recommended over CLOCK_REALTIME.

This integer returns the current initial length of the buffer.

This sets the initial length of the buffer to length, if length > 0, otherwise its value isn’t changed.

Get the subject’s key identifier from the subjectKeyIdentifier exteension, as described in RFC5280 Section 4.2.1.2.

Returns the binary String key identifier or nil or raises ASN1::ASN1Error.

Get the issuing certificate’s key identifier from the authorityKeyIdentifier extension, as described in RFC5280 Section 4.2.1.1

Returns the binary String keyIdentifier or nil or raises ASN1::ASN1Error.

Creates a new DH instance from scratch by generating random parameters and a key pair.

See also OpenSSL::PKey.generate_parameters and OpenSSL::PKey.generate_key.

size

The desired key size in bits.

generator

The generator.

Creates a new DSA instance by generating a private/public key pair from scratch.

See also OpenSSL::PKey.generate_parameters and OpenSSL::PKey.generate_key.

size

The desired key size in bits.

Verifies whether the signature is valid given the message digest input. It does so by validating sig using the public key of this DSA instance.

Deprecated in version 3.0. Consider using PKey::PKey#sign_raw and PKey::PKey#verify_raw instead.

digest

A message digest of the original input data to be signed.

sig

A DSA signature value.

Creates a new EC instance with a new random private and public key.

Generates an RSA keypair.

See also OpenSSL::PKey.generate_key.

size

The desired key size in bits.

exponent

An odd Integer, normally 3, 17, or 65537.

This method is called automatically when a new SSLSocket is created. However, it is not thread-safe and must be called before creating SSLSocket objects in a multi-threaded program.

Sends “close notify” to the peer and tries to shut down the SSL connection gracefully.

If sync_close is set to true, the underlying IO is also closed.

Creates a new instance of SSLSocket. remotehost_ and remoteport_ are used to open TCPSocket. If localhost_ and localport_ are specified, then those parameters are used on the local end to establish the connection. If context is provided, the SSL Sockets initial params will be taken from the context.

Examples

sock = OpenSSL::SSL::SSLSocket.open('localhost', 443)
sock.connect # Initiates a connection to localhost:443

with SSLContext:

ctx = OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext.new
sock = OpenSSL::SSL::SSLSocket.open('localhost', 443, context: ctx)
sock.connect # Initiates a connection to localhost:443 with SSLContext

Initiates an SSL/TLS handshake with a server.

Waits for a SSL/TLS client to initiate a handshake.

Sends “close notify” to the peer and tries to shut down the SSL connection gracefully.

The X509 certificate for this socket endpoint.

Returns the cipher suite actually used in the current session, or nil if no session has been established.

Works similar to TCPServer#accept.

See IO#close for details.