fileutils.rb
Copyright © 2000-2007 Minero Aoki
This program is free software. You can distribute/modify this program under the same terms of ruby.
module FileUtils
Namespace for several file utility methods for copying, moving, removing, etc.
Module Functions
require 'fileutils' FileUtils.cd(dir, options) FileUtils.cd(dir, options) {|dir| block } FileUtils.pwd() FileUtils.mkdir(dir, options) FileUtils.mkdir(list, options) FileUtils.mkdir_p(dir, options) FileUtils.mkdir_p(list, options) FileUtils.rmdir(dir, options) FileUtils.rmdir(list, options) FileUtils.ln(target, link, options) FileUtils.ln(targets, dir, options) FileUtils.ln_s(target, link, options) FileUtils.ln_s(targets, dir, options) FileUtils.ln_sf(target, link, options) FileUtils.cp(src, dest, options) FileUtils.cp(list, dir, options) FileUtils.cp_r(src, dest, options) FileUtils.cp_r(list, dir, options) FileUtils.mv(src, dest, options) FileUtils.mv(list, dir, options) FileUtils.rm(list, options) FileUtils.rm_r(list, options) FileUtils.rm_rf(list, options) FileUtils.install(src, dest, options) FileUtils.chmod(mode, list, options) FileUtils.chmod_R(mode, list, options) FileUtils.chown(user, group, list, options) FileUtils.chown_R(user, group, list, options) FileUtils.touch(list, options)
The options parameter is a hash of options, taken from the list :force, :noop, :preserve, and :verbose. :noop means that no changes are made. The other three are obvious. Each method documents the options that it honours.
All methods that have the concept of a “source” file or directory can take either one file or a list of files in that argument. See the method documentation for examples.
There are some ‘low level’ methods, which do not accept any option:
FileUtils.copy_entry(src, dest, preserve = false, dereference_root = false, remove_destination = false) FileUtils.copy_file(src, dest, preserve = false, dereference = true) FileUtils.copy_stream(srcstream, deststream) FileUtils.remove_entry(path, force = false) FileUtils.remove_entry_secure(path, force = false) FileUtils.remove_file(path, force = false) FileUtils.compare_file(path_a, path_b) FileUtils.compare_stream(stream_a, stream_b) FileUtils.uptodate?(file, cmp_list)
module FileUtils::Verbose
This module has all methods of FileUtils module, but it outputs messages before acting. This equates to passing the :verbose flag to methods in FileUtils.
module FileUtils::NoWrite
This module has all methods of FileUtils module, but never changes files/directories. This equates to passing the :noop flag to methods in FileUtils.
module FileUtils::DryRun
This module has all methods of FileUtils module, but never changes files/directories. This equates to passing the :noop and :verbose flags to methods in FileUtils.
This hash table holds command options.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 126
def cd(dir, verbose: nil, &block) # :yield: dir
fu_output_message "cd #{dir}" if verbose
result = Dir.chdir(dir, &block)
fu_output_message 'cd -' if verbose and block
result
end
Changes the current directory to the directory dir.
If this method is called with block, resumes to the old working directory after the block execution finished.
FileUtils.cd('/', :verbose => true) # chdir and report it FileUtils.cd('/') do # chdir # ... # do something end # return to original directory
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 992
def chmod(mode, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
fu_output_message sprintf('chmod %s %s', mode_to_s(mode), list.join(' ')) if verbose
return if noop
list.each do |path|
Entry_.new(path).chmod(fu_mode(mode, path))
end
end
Changes permission bits on the named files (in list) to the bit pattern represented by mode.
mode is the symbolic and absolute mode can be used.
Absolute mode is
FileUtils.chmod 0755, 'somecommand' FileUtils.chmod 0644, %w(my.rb your.rb his.rb her.rb) FileUtils.chmod 0755, '/usr/bin/ruby', :verbose => true
Symbolic mode is
FileUtils.chmod "u=wrx,go=rx", 'somecommand' FileUtils.chmod "u=wr,go=rr", %w(my.rb your.rb his.rb her.rb) FileUtils.chmod "u=wrx,go=rx", '/usr/bin/ruby', :verbose => true
- “a”
-
is user, group, other mask.
- “u”
-
is user’s mask.
- “g”
-
is group’s mask.
- “o”
-
is other’s mask.
- “w”
-
is write permission.
- “r”
-
is read permission.
- “x”
-
is execute permission.
- “X”
-
is execute permission for directories only, must be used in conjunction with “+”
- “s”
-
is uid, gid.
- “t”
-
is sticky bit.
- “+”
-
is added to a class given the specified mode.
- “-”
-
Is removed from a given class given mode.
- “=”
-
Is the exact nature of the class will be given a specified mode.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 1009
def chmod_R(mode, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, force: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
fu_output_message sprintf('chmod -R%s %s %s',
(force ? 'f' : ''),
mode_to_s(mode), list.join(' ')) if verbose
return if noop
list.each do |root|
Entry_.new(root).traverse do |ent|
begin
ent.chmod(fu_mode(mode, ent.path))
rescue
raise unless force
end
end
end
end
Changes permission bits on the named files (in list) to the bit pattern represented by mode.
FileUtils.chmod_R 0700, "/tmp/app.#{$$}" FileUtils.chmod_R "u=wrx", "/tmp/app.#{$$}"
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 1037
def chown(user, group, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
fu_output_message sprintf('chown %s %s',
(group ? "#{user}:#{group}" : user || ':'),
list.join(' ')) if verbose
return if noop
uid = fu_get_uid(user)
gid = fu_get_gid(group)
list.each do |path|
Entry_.new(path).chown uid, gid
end
end
Changes owner and group on the named files (in list) to the user user and the group group. user and group may be an ID (Integer/String) or a name (String). If user or group is nil, this method does not change the attribute.
FileUtils.chown 'root', 'staff', '/usr/local/bin/ruby' FileUtils.chown nil, 'bin', Dir.glob('/usr/bin/*'), :verbose => true
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 1061
def chown_R(user, group, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, force: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
fu_output_message sprintf('chown -R%s %s %s',
(force ? 'f' : ''),
(group ? "#{user}:#{group}" : user || ':'),
list.join(' ')) if verbose
return if noop
uid = fu_get_uid(user)
gid = fu_get_gid(group)
list.each do |root|
Entry_.new(root).traverse do |ent|
begin
ent.chown uid, gid
rescue
raise unless force
end
end
end
end
Changes owner and group on the named files (in list) to the user user and the group group recursively. user and group may be an ID (Integer/String) or a name (String). If user or group is nil, this method does not change the attribute.
FileUtils.chown_R 'www', 'www', '/var/www/htdocs' FileUtils.chown_R 'cvs', 'cvs', '/var/cvs', :verbose => true
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 1646
def self.collect_method(opt)
OPT_TABLE.keys.select {|m| OPT_TABLE[m].include?(opt) }
end
Returns an Array of method names which have the option opt.
p FileUtils.collect_method(:preserve) #=> ["cp", "cp_r", "copy", "install"]
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 1607
def self.commands
OPT_TABLE.keys
end
Returns an Array of method names which have any options.
p FileUtils.commands #=> ["chmod", "cp", "cp_r", "install", ...]
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 796
def compare_file(a, b)
return false unless File.size(a) == File.size(b)
File.open(a, 'rb') {|fa|
File.open(b, 'rb') {|fb|
return compare_stream(fa, fb)
}
}
end
Returns true if the contents of a file a and a file b are identical.
FileUtils.compare_file('somefile', 'somefile') #=> true FileUtils.compare_file('/dev/null', '/dev/urandom') #=> false
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 814
def compare_stream(a, b)
bsize = fu_stream_blksize(a, b)
if RUBY_VERSION > "2.4"
sa = String.new(capacity: bsize)
sb = String.new(capacity: bsize)
else
sa = String.new
sb = String.new
end
begin
a.read(bsize, sa)
b.read(bsize, sb)
return true if sa.empty? && sb.empty?
end while sa == sb
false
end
Returns true if the contents of a stream a and b are identical.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 474
def copy_entry(src, dest, preserve = false, dereference_root = false, remove_destination = false)
Entry_.new(src, nil, dereference_root).wrap_traverse(proc do |ent|
destent = Entry_.new(dest, ent.rel, false)
File.unlink destent.path if remove_destination && (File.file?(destent.path) || File.symlink?(destent.path))
ent.copy destent.path
end, proc do |ent|
destent = Entry_.new(dest, ent.rel, false)
ent.copy_metadata destent.path if preserve
end)
end
Copies a file system entry src to dest. If src is a directory, this method copies its contents recursively. This method preserves file types, c.f. symlink, directory… (FIFO, device files and etc. are not supported yet)
Both of src and dest must be a path name. src must exist, dest must not exist.
If preserve is true, this method preserves owner, group, and modified time. Permissions are copied regardless preserve.
If dereference_root is true, this method dereference tree root.
If remove_destination is true, this method removes each destination file before copy.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 490
def copy_file(src, dest, preserve = false, dereference = true)
ent = Entry_.new(src, nil, dereference)
ent.copy_file dest
ent.copy_metadata dest if preserve
end
Copies file contents of src to dest. Both of src and dest must be a path name.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 502
def copy_stream(src, dest)
IO.copy_stream(src, dest)
end
Copies stream src to dest. src must respond to read(n) and dest must respond to write(str).
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 415
def cp(src, dest, preserve: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
fu_output_message "cp#{preserve ? ' -p' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s, d|
copy_file s, d, preserve
end
end
Copies a file content src to dest. If dest is a directory, copies src to dest/src.
If src is a list of files, then dest must be a directory.
FileUtils.cp 'eval.c', 'eval.c.org' FileUtils.cp %w(cgi.rb complex.rb date.rb), '/usr/lib/ruby/1.6' FileUtils.cp %w(cgi.rb complex.rb date.rb), '/usr/lib/ruby/1.6', :verbose => true FileUtils.cp 'symlink', 'dest' # copy content, "dest" is not a symlink
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 328
def cp_lr(src, dest, noop: nil, verbose: nil,
dereference_root: true, remove_destination: false)
fu_output_message "cp -lr#{remove_destination ? ' --remove-destination' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s, d|
link_entry s, d, dereference_root, remove_destination
end
end
Hard link src to dest. If src is a directory, this method links all its contents recursively. If dest is a directory, links src to dest/src.
src can be a list of files.
# Installing the library "mylib" under the site_ruby directory. FileUtils.rm_r site_ruby + '/mylib', :force => true FileUtils.cp_lr 'lib/', site_ruby + '/mylib' # Examples of linking several files to target directory. FileUtils.cp_lr %w(mail.rb field.rb debug/), site_ruby + '/tmail' FileUtils.cp_lr Dir.glob('*.rb'), '/home/aamine/lib/ruby', :noop => true, :verbose => true # If you want to link all contents of a directory instead of the # directory itself, c.f. src/x -> dest/x, src/y -> dest/y, # use the following code. FileUtils.cp_lr 'src/.', 'dest' # cp_lr('src', 'dest') makes dest/src, but this doesn't.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 448
def cp_r(src, dest, preserve: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil,
dereference_root: true, remove_destination: nil)
fu_output_message "cp -r#{preserve ? 'p' : ''}#{remove_destination ? ' --remove-destination' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s, d|
copy_entry s, d, preserve, dereference_root, remove_destination
end
end
Copies src to dest. If src is a directory, this method copies all its contents recursively. If dest is a directory, copies src to dest/src.
src can be a list of files.
# Installing Ruby library "mylib" under the site_ruby FileUtils.rm_r site_ruby + '/mylib', :force FileUtils.cp_r 'lib/', site_ruby + '/mylib' # Examples of copying several files to target directory. FileUtils.cp_r %w(mail.rb field.rb debug/), site_ruby + '/tmail' FileUtils.cp_r Dir.glob('*.rb'), '/home/foo/lib/ruby', :noop => true, :verbose => true # If you want to copy all contents of a directory instead of the # directory itself, c.f. src/x -> dest/x, src/y -> dest/y, # use following code. FileUtils.cp_r 'src/.', 'dest' # cp_r('src', 'dest') makes dest/src, # but this doesn't.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 1627
def self.have_option?(mid, opt)
li = OPT_TABLE[mid.to_s] or raise ArgumentError, "no such method: #{mid}"
li.include?(opt)
end
Returns true if the method mid have an option opt.
p FileUtils.have_option?(:cp, :noop) #=> true p FileUtils.have_option?(:rm, :force) #=> true p FileUtils.have_option?(:rm, :preserve) #=> false
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 842
def install(src, dest, mode: nil, owner: nil, group: nil, preserve: nil,
noop: nil, verbose: nil)
if verbose
msg = +"install -c"
msg << ' -p' if preserve
msg << ' -m ' << mode_to_s(mode) if mode
msg << " -o #{owner}" if owner
msg << " -g #{group}" if group
msg << ' ' << [src,dest].flatten.join(' ')
fu_output_message msg
end
return if noop
uid = fu_get_uid(owner)
gid = fu_get_gid(group)
fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s, d|
st = File.stat(s)
unless File.exist?(d) and compare_file(s, d)
remove_file d, true
copy_file s, d
File.utime st.atime, st.mtime, d if preserve
File.chmod fu_mode(mode, st), d if mode
File.chown uid, gid, d if uid or gid
end
end
end
If src is not same as dest, copies it and changes the permission mode to mode. If dest is a directory, destination is dest/src. This method removes destination before copy.
FileUtils.install 'ruby', '/usr/local/bin/ruby', :mode => 0755, :verbose => true FileUtils.install 'lib.rb', '/usr/local/lib/ruby/site_ruby', :verbose => true
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 395
def link_entry(src, dest, dereference_root = false, remove_destination = false)
Entry_.new(src, nil, dereference_root).traverse do |ent|
destent = Entry_.new(dest, ent.rel, false)
File.unlink destent.path if remove_destination && File.file?(destent.path)
ent.link destent.path
end
end
Hard links a file system entry src to dest. If src is a directory, this method links its contents recursively.
Both of src and dest must be a path name. src must exist, dest must not exist.
If dereference_root is true, this method dereferences the tree root.
If remove_destination is true, this method removes each destination file before copy.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 292
def ln(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
fu_output_message "ln#{force ? ' -f' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
fu_each_src_dest0(src, dest) do |s,d|
remove_file d, true if force
File.link s, d
end
end
In the first form, creates a hard link link which points to target. If link already exists, raises Errno::EEXIST. But if the :force option is set, overwrites link.
FileUtils.ln 'gcc', 'cc', verbose: true FileUtils.ln '/usr/bin/emacs21', '/usr/bin/emacs'
In the second form, creates a link dir/target pointing to target. In the third form, creates several hard links in the directory dir, pointing to each item in targets. If dir is not a directory, raises Errno::ENOTDIR.
FileUtils.cd '/sbin' FileUtils.ln %w(cp mv mkdir), '/bin' # Now /sbin/cp and /bin/cp are linked.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 358
def ln_s(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
fu_output_message "ln -s#{force ? 'f' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
fu_each_src_dest0(src, dest) do |s,d|
remove_file d, true if force
File.symlink s, d
end
end
In the first form, creates a symbolic link link which points to target. If link already exists, raises Errno::EEXIST. But if the :force option is set, overwrites link.
FileUtils.ln_s '/usr/bin/ruby', '/usr/local/bin/ruby' FileUtils.ln_s 'verylongsourcefilename.c', 'c', force: true
In the second form, creates a link dir/target pointing to target. In the third form, creates several symbolic links in the directory dir, pointing to each item in targets. If dir is not a directory, raises Errno::ENOTDIR.
FileUtils.ln_s Dir.glob('/bin/*.rb'), '/home/foo/bin'
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 379
def ln_sf(src, dest, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
ln_s src, dest, force: true, noop: noop, verbose: verbose
end
Same as
FileUtils.ln_s(*args, force: true)
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 169
def mkdir(list, mode: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
fu_output_message "mkdir #{mode ? ('-m %03o ' % mode) : ''}#{list.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
list.each do |dir|
fu_mkdir dir, mode
end
end
Creates one or more directories.
FileUtils.mkdir 'test' FileUtils.mkdir %w( tmp data ) FileUtils.mkdir 'notexist', :noop => true # Does not really create. FileUtils.mkdir 'tmp', :mode => 0700
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 195
def mkdir_p(list, mode: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
fu_output_message "mkdir -p #{mode ? ('-m %03o ' % mode) : ''}#{list.join ' '}" if verbose
return *list if noop
list.map {|path| remove_trailing_slash(path)}.each do |path|
# optimize for the most common case
begin
fu_mkdir path, mode
next
rescue SystemCallError
next if File.directory?(path)
end
stack = []
until path == stack.last # dirname("/")=="/", dirname("C:/")=="C:/"
stack.push path
path = File.dirname(path)
end
stack.pop # root directory should exist
stack.reverse_each do |dir|
begin
fu_mkdir dir, mode
rescue SystemCallError
raise unless File.directory?(dir)
end
end
end
return *list
end
Creates a directory and all its parent directories. For example,
FileUtils.mkdir_p '/usr/local/lib/ruby'
causes to make following directories, if it does not exist.
-
/usr
-
/usr/local
-
/usr/local/lib
-
/usr/local/lib/ruby
You can pass several directories at a time in a list.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 517
def mv(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)
fu_output_message "mv#{force ? ' -f' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s, d|
destent = Entry_.new(d, nil, true)
begin
if destent.exist?
if destent.directory?
raise Errno::EEXIST, d
end
end
begin
File.rename s, d
rescue Errno::EXDEV
copy_entry s, d, true
if secure
remove_entry_secure s, force
else
remove_entry s, force
end
end
rescue SystemCallError
raise unless force
end
end
end
Moves file(s) src to dest. If file and dest exist on the different disk partition, the file is copied then the original file is removed.
FileUtils.mv 'badname.rb', 'goodname.rb' FileUtils.mv 'stuff.rb', '/notexist/lib/ruby', :force => true # no error FileUtils.mv %w(junk.txt dust.txt), '/home/foo/.trash/' FileUtils.mv Dir.glob('test*.rb'), 'test', :noop => true, :verbose => true
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 1616
def self.options
OPT_TABLE.values.flatten.uniq.map {|sym| sym.to_s }
end
Returns an Array of option names.
p FileUtils.options #=> ["noop", "force", "verbose", "preserve", "mode"]
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 1637
def self.options_of(mid)
OPT_TABLE[mid.to_s].map {|sym| sym.to_s }
end
Returns an Array of option names of the method mid.
p FileUtils.options_of(:rm) #=> ["noop", "verbose", "force"]
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 106
def pwd
Dir.pwd
end
Returns the name of the current directory.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 785
def remove_dir(path, force = false)
remove_entry path, force # FIXME?? check if it is a directory
end
Removes a directory dir and its contents recursively. This method ignores StandardError if force is true.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 757
def remove_entry(path, force = false)
Entry_.new(path).postorder_traverse do |ent|
begin
ent.remove
rescue
raise unless force
end
end
rescue
raise unless force
end
This method removes a file system entry path. path might be a regular file, a directory, or something. If path is a directory, remove it recursively.
See also remove_entry_secure.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 664
def remove_entry_secure(path, force = false)
unless fu_have_symlink?
remove_entry path, force
return
end
fullpath = File.expand_path(path)
st = File.lstat(fullpath)
unless st.directory?
File.unlink fullpath
return
end
# is a directory.
parent_st = File.stat(File.dirname(fullpath))
unless parent_st.world_writable?
remove_entry path, force
return
end
unless parent_st.sticky?
raise ArgumentError, "parent directory is world writable, FileUtils#remove_entry_secure does not work; abort: #{path.inspect} (parent directory mode #{'%o' % parent_st.mode})"
end
# freeze tree root
euid = Process.euid
dot_file = fullpath + "/."
begin
File.open(dot_file) {|f|
unless fu_stat_identical_entry?(st, f.stat)
# symlink (TOC-to-TOU attack?)
File.unlink fullpath
return
end
f.chown euid, -1
f.chmod 0700
}
rescue Errno::EISDIR # JRuby in non-native mode can't open files as dirs
File.lstat(dot_file).tap {|fstat|
unless fu_stat_identical_entry?(st, fstat)
# symlink (TOC-to-TOU attack?)
File.unlink fullpath
return
end
File.chown euid, -1, dot_file
File.chmod 0700, dot_file
}
end
unless fu_stat_identical_entry?(st, File.lstat(fullpath))
# TOC-to-TOU attack?
File.unlink fullpath
return
end
# ---- tree root is frozen ----
root = Entry_.new(path)
root.preorder_traverse do |ent|
if ent.directory?
ent.chown euid, -1
ent.chmod 0700
end
end
root.postorder_traverse do |ent|
begin
ent.remove
rescue
raise unless force
end
end
rescue
raise unless force
end
This method removes a file system entry path. path shall be a regular file, a directory, or something. If path is a directory, remove it recursively. This method is required to avoid TOCTTOU (time-of-check-to-time-of-use) local security vulnerability of rm_r. rm_r causes security hole when:
-
Parent directory is world writable (including /tmp).
-
Removing directory tree includes world writable directory.
-
The system has symbolic link.
To avoid this security hole, this method applies special preprocess. If path is a directory, this method chown(2) and chmod(2) all removing directories. This requires the current process is the owner of the removing whole directory tree, or is the super user (root).
WARNING: You must ensure that ALL parent directories cannot be moved by other untrusted users. For example, parent directories should not be owned by untrusted users, and should not be world writable except when the sticky bit set.
WARNING: Only the owner of the removing directory tree, or Unix super user (root) should invoke this method. Otherwise this method does not work.
For details of this security vulnerability, see Perl’s case:
For fileutils.rb, this vulnerability is reported in [ruby-dev:26100].
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 774
def remove_file(path, force = false)
Entry_.new(path).remove_file
rescue
raise unless force
end
Removes a file path. This method ignores StandardError if force is true.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 556
def rm(list, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
fu_output_message "rm#{force ? ' -f' : ''} #{list.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
list.each do |path|
remove_file path, force
end
end
Remove file(s) specified in list. This method cannot remove directories. All StandardErrors are ignored when the :force option is set.
FileUtils.rm %w( junk.txt dust.txt ) FileUtils.rm Dir.glob('*.so') FileUtils.rm 'NotExistFile', :force => true # never raises exception
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 575
def rm_f(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
rm list, force: true, noop: noop, verbose: verbose
end
Equivalent to
FileUtils.rm(list, :force => true)
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 602
def rm_r(list, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
fu_output_message "rm -r#{force ? 'f' : ''} #{list.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
list.each do |path|
if secure
remove_entry_secure path, force
else
remove_entry path, force
end
end
end
remove files list[0] list[1]… If list[n] is a directory, removes its all contents recursively. This method ignores StandardError when :force option is set.
FileUtils.rm_r Dir.glob('/tmp/*') FileUtils.rm_r 'some_dir', :force => true
WARNING: This method causes local vulnerability if one of parent directories or removing directory tree are world writable (including /tmp, whose permission is 1777), and the current process has strong privilege such as Unix super user (root), and the system has symbolic link. For secure removing, read the documentation of remove_entry_secure carefully, and set :secure option to true. Default is :secure=>false.
NOTE: This method calls remove_entry_secure if :secure option is set. See also remove_entry_secure.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 624
def rm_rf(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)
rm_r list, force: true, noop: noop, verbose: verbose, secure: secure
end
Equivalent to
FileUtils.rm_r(list, :force => true)
WARNING: This method causes local vulnerability. Read the documentation of rm_r first.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 252
def rmdir(list, parents: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
fu_output_message "rmdir #{parents ? '-p ' : ''}#{list.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
list.each do |dir|
Dir.rmdir(dir = remove_trailing_slash(dir))
if parents
begin
until (parent = File.dirname(dir)) == '.' or parent == dir
dir = parent
Dir.rmdir(dir)
end
rescue Errno::ENOTEMPTY, Errno::EEXIST, Errno::ENOENT
end
end
end
end
Removes one or more directories.
FileUtils.rmdir 'somedir' FileUtils.rmdir %w(somedir anydir otherdir) # Does not really remove directory; outputs message. FileUtils.rmdir 'somedir', :verbose => true, :noop => true
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 1120
def touch(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, mtime: nil, nocreate: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
t = mtime
if verbose
fu_output_message "touch #{nocreate ? '-c ' : ''}#{t ? t.strftime('-t %Y%m%d%H%M.%S ') : ''}#{list.join ' '}"
end
return if noop
list.each do |path|
created = nocreate
begin
File.utime(t, t, path)
rescue Errno::ENOENT
raise if created
File.open(path, 'a') {
;
}
created = true
retry if t
end
end
end
Updates modification time (mtime) and access time (atime) of file(s) in list. Files are created if they don’t exist.
FileUtils.touch 'timestamp' FileUtils.touch Dir.glob('*.c'); system 'make'
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 144
def uptodate?(new, old_list)
return false unless File.exist?(new)
new_time = File.mtime(new)
old_list.each do |old|
if File.exist?(old)
return false unless new_time > File.mtime(old)
end
end
true
end
Returns true if new is newer than all old_list. Non-existent files are older than any file.
FileUtils.uptodate?('hello.o', %w(hello.c hello.h)) or \ system 'make hello.o'
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 126
def cd(dir, verbose: nil, &block) # :yield: dir
fu_output_message "cd #{dir}" if verbose
result = Dir.chdir(dir, &block)
fu_output_message 'cd -' if verbose and block
result
end
Changes the current directory to the directory dir.
If this method is called with block, resumes to the old working directory after the block execution finished.
FileUtils.cd('/', :verbose => true) # chdir and report it FileUtils.cd('/') do # chdir # ... # do something end # return to original directory
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 992
def chmod(mode, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
fu_output_message sprintf('chmod %s %s', mode_to_s(mode), list.join(' ')) if verbose
return if noop
list.each do |path|
Entry_.new(path).chmod(fu_mode(mode, path))
end
end
Changes permission bits on the named files (in list) to the bit pattern represented by mode.
mode is the symbolic and absolute mode can be used.
Absolute mode is
FileUtils.chmod 0755, 'somecommand' FileUtils.chmod 0644, %w(my.rb your.rb his.rb her.rb) FileUtils.chmod 0755, '/usr/bin/ruby', :verbose => true
Symbolic mode is
FileUtils.chmod "u=wrx,go=rx", 'somecommand' FileUtils.chmod "u=wr,go=rr", %w(my.rb your.rb his.rb her.rb) FileUtils.chmod "u=wrx,go=rx", '/usr/bin/ruby', :verbose => true
- “a”
-
is user, group, other mask.
- “u”
-
is user’s mask.
- “g”
-
is group’s mask.
- “o”
-
is other’s mask.
- “w”
-
is write permission.
- “r”
-
is read permission.
- “x”
-
is execute permission.
- “X”
-
is execute permission for directories only, must be used in conjunction with “+”
- “s”
-
is uid, gid.
- “t”
-
is sticky bit.
- “+”
-
is added to a class given the specified mode.
- “-”
-
Is removed from a given class given mode.
- “=”
-
Is the exact nature of the class will be given a specified mode.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 1009
def chmod_R(mode, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, force: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
fu_output_message sprintf('chmod -R%s %s %s',
(force ? 'f' : ''),
mode_to_s(mode), list.join(' ')) if verbose
return if noop
list.each do |root|
Entry_.new(root).traverse do |ent|
begin
ent.chmod(fu_mode(mode, ent.path))
rescue
raise unless force
end
end
end
end
Changes permission bits on the named files (in list) to the bit pattern represented by mode.
FileUtils.chmod_R 0700, "/tmp/app.#{$$}" FileUtils.chmod_R "u=wrx", "/tmp/app.#{$$}"
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 1037
def chown(user, group, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
fu_output_message sprintf('chown %s %s',
(group ? "#{user}:#{group}" : user || ':'),
list.join(' ')) if verbose
return if noop
uid = fu_get_uid(user)
gid = fu_get_gid(group)
list.each do |path|
Entry_.new(path).chown uid, gid
end
end
Changes owner and group on the named files (in list) to the user user and the group group. user and group may be an ID (Integer/String) or a name (String). If user or group is nil, this method does not change the attribute.
FileUtils.chown 'root', 'staff', '/usr/local/bin/ruby' FileUtils.chown nil, 'bin', Dir.glob('/usr/bin/*'), :verbose => true
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 1061
def chown_R(user, group, list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, force: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
fu_output_message sprintf('chown -R%s %s %s',
(force ? 'f' : ''),
(group ? "#{user}:#{group}" : user || ':'),
list.join(' ')) if verbose
return if noop
uid = fu_get_uid(user)
gid = fu_get_gid(group)
list.each do |root|
Entry_.new(root).traverse do |ent|
begin
ent.chown uid, gid
rescue
raise unless force
end
end
end
end
Changes owner and group on the named files (in list) to the user user and the group group recursively. user and group may be an ID (Integer/String) or a name (String). If user or group is nil, this method does not change the attribute.
FileUtils.chown_R 'www', 'www', '/var/www/htdocs' FileUtils.chown_R 'cvs', 'cvs', '/var/cvs', :verbose => true
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 796
def compare_file(a, b)
return false unless File.size(a) == File.size(b)
File.open(a, 'rb') {|fa|
File.open(b, 'rb') {|fb|
return compare_stream(fa, fb)
}
}
end
Returns true if the contents of a file a and a file b are identical.
FileUtils.compare_file('somefile', 'somefile') #=> true FileUtils.compare_file('/dev/null', '/dev/urandom') #=> false
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 814
def compare_stream(a, b)
bsize = fu_stream_blksize(a, b)
if RUBY_VERSION > "2.4"
sa = String.new(capacity: bsize)
sb = String.new(capacity: bsize)
else
sa = String.new
sb = String.new
end
begin
a.read(bsize, sa)
b.read(bsize, sb)
return true if sa.empty? && sb.empty?
end while sa == sb
false
end
Returns true if the contents of a stream a and b are identical.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 474
def copy_entry(src, dest, preserve = false, dereference_root = false, remove_destination = false)
Entry_.new(src, nil, dereference_root).wrap_traverse(proc do |ent|
destent = Entry_.new(dest, ent.rel, false)
File.unlink destent.path if remove_destination && (File.file?(destent.path) || File.symlink?(destent.path))
ent.copy destent.path
end, proc do |ent|
destent = Entry_.new(dest, ent.rel, false)
ent.copy_metadata destent.path if preserve
end)
end
Copies a file system entry src to dest. If src is a directory, this method copies its contents recursively. This method preserves file types, c.f. symlink, directory… (FIFO, device files and etc. are not supported yet)
Both of src and dest must be a path name. src must exist, dest must not exist.
If preserve is true, this method preserves owner, group, and modified time. Permissions are copied regardless preserve.
If dereference_root is true, this method dereference tree root.
If remove_destination is true, this method removes each destination file before copy.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 490
def copy_file(src, dest, preserve = false, dereference = true)
ent = Entry_.new(src, nil, dereference)
ent.copy_file dest
ent.copy_metadata dest if preserve
end
Copies file contents of src to dest. Both of src and dest must be a path name.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 502
def copy_stream(src, dest)
IO.copy_stream(src, dest)
end
Copies stream src to dest. src must respond to read(n) and dest must respond to write(str).
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 415
def cp(src, dest, preserve: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
fu_output_message "cp#{preserve ? ' -p' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s, d|
copy_file s, d, preserve
end
end
Copies a file content src to dest. If dest is a directory, copies src to dest/src.
If src is a list of files, then dest must be a directory.
FileUtils.cp 'eval.c', 'eval.c.org' FileUtils.cp %w(cgi.rb complex.rb date.rb), '/usr/lib/ruby/1.6' FileUtils.cp %w(cgi.rb complex.rb date.rb), '/usr/lib/ruby/1.6', :verbose => true FileUtils.cp 'symlink', 'dest' # copy content, "dest" is not a symlink
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 328
def cp_lr(src, dest, noop: nil, verbose: nil,
dereference_root: true, remove_destination: false)
fu_output_message "cp -lr#{remove_destination ? ' --remove-destination' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s, d|
link_entry s, d, dereference_root, remove_destination
end
end
Hard link src to dest. If src is a directory, this method links all its contents recursively. If dest is a directory, links src to dest/src.
src can be a list of files.
# Installing the library "mylib" under the site_ruby directory. FileUtils.rm_r site_ruby + '/mylib', :force => true FileUtils.cp_lr 'lib/', site_ruby + '/mylib' # Examples of linking several files to target directory. FileUtils.cp_lr %w(mail.rb field.rb debug/), site_ruby + '/tmail' FileUtils.cp_lr Dir.glob('*.rb'), '/home/aamine/lib/ruby', :noop => true, :verbose => true # If you want to link all contents of a directory instead of the # directory itself, c.f. src/x -> dest/x, src/y -> dest/y, # use the following code. FileUtils.cp_lr 'src/.', 'dest' # cp_lr('src', 'dest') makes dest/src, but this doesn't.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 448
def cp_r(src, dest, preserve: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil,
dereference_root: true, remove_destination: nil)
fu_output_message "cp -r#{preserve ? 'p' : ''}#{remove_destination ? ' --remove-destination' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s, d|
copy_entry s, d, preserve, dereference_root, remove_destination
end
end
Copies src to dest. If src is a directory, this method copies all its contents recursively. If dest is a directory, copies src to dest/src.
src can be a list of files.
# Installing Ruby library "mylib" under the site_ruby FileUtils.rm_r site_ruby + '/mylib', :force FileUtils.cp_r 'lib/', site_ruby + '/mylib' # Examples of copying several files to target directory. FileUtils.cp_r %w(mail.rb field.rb debug/), site_ruby + '/tmail' FileUtils.cp_r Dir.glob('*.rb'), '/home/foo/lib/ruby', :noop => true, :verbose => true # If you want to copy all contents of a directory instead of the # directory itself, c.f. src/x -> dest/x, src/y -> dest/y, # use following code. FileUtils.cp_r 'src/.', 'dest' # cp_r('src', 'dest') makes dest/src, # but this doesn't.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 842
def install(src, dest, mode: nil, owner: nil, group: nil, preserve: nil,
noop: nil, verbose: nil)
if verbose
msg = +"install -c"
msg << ' -p' if preserve
msg << ' -m ' << mode_to_s(mode) if mode
msg << " -o #{owner}" if owner
msg << " -g #{group}" if group
msg << ' ' << [src,dest].flatten.join(' ')
fu_output_message msg
end
return if noop
uid = fu_get_uid(owner)
gid = fu_get_gid(group)
fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s, d|
st = File.stat(s)
unless File.exist?(d) and compare_file(s, d)
remove_file d, true
copy_file s, d
File.utime st.atime, st.mtime, d if preserve
File.chmod fu_mode(mode, st), d if mode
File.chown uid, gid, d if uid or gid
end
end
end
If src is not same as dest, copies it and changes the permission mode to mode. If dest is a directory, destination is dest/src. This method removes destination before copy.
FileUtils.install 'ruby', '/usr/local/bin/ruby', :mode => 0755, :verbose => true FileUtils.install 'lib.rb', '/usr/local/lib/ruby/site_ruby', :verbose => true
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 395
def link_entry(src, dest, dereference_root = false, remove_destination = false)
Entry_.new(src, nil, dereference_root).traverse do |ent|
destent = Entry_.new(dest, ent.rel, false)
File.unlink destent.path if remove_destination && File.file?(destent.path)
ent.link destent.path
end
end
Hard links a file system entry src to dest. If src is a directory, this method links its contents recursively.
Both of src and dest must be a path name. src must exist, dest must not exist.
If dereference_root is true, this method dereferences the tree root.
If remove_destination is true, this method removes each destination file before copy.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 292
def ln(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
fu_output_message "ln#{force ? ' -f' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
fu_each_src_dest0(src, dest) do |s,d|
remove_file d, true if force
File.link s, d
end
end
In the first form, creates a hard link link which points to target. If link already exists, raises Errno::EEXIST. But if the :force option is set, overwrites link.
FileUtils.ln 'gcc', 'cc', verbose: true FileUtils.ln '/usr/bin/emacs21', '/usr/bin/emacs'
In the second form, creates a link dir/target pointing to target. In the third form, creates several hard links in the directory dir, pointing to each item in targets. If dir is not a directory, raises Errno::ENOTDIR.
FileUtils.cd '/sbin' FileUtils.ln %w(cp mv mkdir), '/bin' # Now /sbin/cp and /bin/cp are linked.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 358
def ln_s(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
fu_output_message "ln -s#{force ? 'f' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
fu_each_src_dest0(src, dest) do |s,d|
remove_file d, true if force
File.symlink s, d
end
end
In the first form, creates a symbolic link link which points to target. If link already exists, raises Errno::EEXIST. But if the :force option is set, overwrites link.
FileUtils.ln_s '/usr/bin/ruby', '/usr/local/bin/ruby' FileUtils.ln_s 'verylongsourcefilename.c', 'c', force: true
In the second form, creates a link dir/target pointing to target. In the third form, creates several symbolic links in the directory dir, pointing to each item in targets. If dir is not a directory, raises Errno::ENOTDIR.
FileUtils.ln_s Dir.glob('/bin/*.rb'), '/home/foo/bin'
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 379
def ln_sf(src, dest, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
ln_s src, dest, force: true, noop: noop, verbose: verbose
end
Same as
FileUtils.ln_s(*args, force: true)
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 169
def mkdir(list, mode: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
fu_output_message "mkdir #{mode ? ('-m %03o ' % mode) : ''}#{list.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
list.each do |dir|
fu_mkdir dir, mode
end
end
Creates one or more directories.
FileUtils.mkdir 'test' FileUtils.mkdir %w( tmp data ) FileUtils.mkdir 'notexist', :noop => true # Does not really create. FileUtils.mkdir 'tmp', :mode => 0700
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 195
def mkdir_p(list, mode: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
fu_output_message "mkdir -p #{mode ? ('-m %03o ' % mode) : ''}#{list.join ' '}" if verbose
return *list if noop
list.map {|path| remove_trailing_slash(path)}.each do |path|
# optimize for the most common case
begin
fu_mkdir path, mode
next
rescue SystemCallError
next if File.directory?(path)
end
stack = []
until path == stack.last # dirname("/")=="/", dirname("C:/")=="C:/"
stack.push path
path = File.dirname(path)
end
stack.pop # root directory should exist
stack.reverse_each do |dir|
begin
fu_mkdir dir, mode
rescue SystemCallError
raise unless File.directory?(dir)
end
end
end
return *list
end
Creates a directory and all its parent directories. For example,
FileUtils.mkdir_p '/usr/local/lib/ruby'
causes to make following directories, if it does not exist.
-
/usr
-
/usr/local
-
/usr/local/lib
-
/usr/local/lib/ruby
You can pass several directories at a time in a list.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 517
def mv(src, dest, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)
fu_output_message "mv#{force ? ' -f' : ''} #{[src,dest].flatten.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
fu_each_src_dest(src, dest) do |s, d|
destent = Entry_.new(d, nil, true)
begin
if destent.exist?
if destent.directory?
raise Errno::EEXIST, d
end
end
begin
File.rename s, d
rescue Errno::EXDEV
copy_entry s, d, true
if secure
remove_entry_secure s, force
else
remove_entry s, force
end
end
rescue SystemCallError
raise unless force
end
end
end
Moves file(s) src to dest. If file and dest exist on the different disk partition, the file is copied then the original file is removed.
FileUtils.mv 'badname.rb', 'goodname.rb' FileUtils.mv 'stuff.rb', '/notexist/lib/ruby', :force => true # no error FileUtils.mv %w(junk.txt dust.txt), '/home/foo/.trash/' FileUtils.mv Dir.glob('test*.rb'), 'test', :noop => true, :verbose => true
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 106
def pwd
Dir.pwd
end
Returns the name of the current directory.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 785
def remove_dir(path, force = false)
remove_entry path, force # FIXME?? check if it is a directory
end
Removes a directory dir and its contents recursively. This method ignores StandardError if force is true.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 757
def remove_entry(path, force = false)
Entry_.new(path).postorder_traverse do |ent|
begin
ent.remove
rescue
raise unless force
end
end
rescue
raise unless force
end
This method removes a file system entry path. path might be a regular file, a directory, or something. If path is a directory, remove it recursively.
See also remove_entry_secure.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 664
def remove_entry_secure(path, force = false)
unless fu_have_symlink?
remove_entry path, force
return
end
fullpath = File.expand_path(path)
st = File.lstat(fullpath)
unless st.directory?
File.unlink fullpath
return
end
# is a directory.
parent_st = File.stat(File.dirname(fullpath))
unless parent_st.world_writable?
remove_entry path, force
return
end
unless parent_st.sticky?
raise ArgumentError, "parent directory is world writable, FileUtils#remove_entry_secure does not work; abort: #{path.inspect} (parent directory mode #{'%o' % parent_st.mode})"
end
# freeze tree root
euid = Process.euid
dot_file = fullpath + "/."
begin
File.open(dot_file) {|f|
unless fu_stat_identical_entry?(st, f.stat)
# symlink (TOC-to-TOU attack?)
File.unlink fullpath
return
end
f.chown euid, -1
f.chmod 0700
}
rescue Errno::EISDIR # JRuby in non-native mode can't open files as dirs
File.lstat(dot_file).tap {|fstat|
unless fu_stat_identical_entry?(st, fstat)
# symlink (TOC-to-TOU attack?)
File.unlink fullpath
return
end
File.chown euid, -1, dot_file
File.chmod 0700, dot_file
}
end
unless fu_stat_identical_entry?(st, File.lstat(fullpath))
# TOC-to-TOU attack?
File.unlink fullpath
return
end
# ---- tree root is frozen ----
root = Entry_.new(path)
root.preorder_traverse do |ent|
if ent.directory?
ent.chown euid, -1
ent.chmod 0700
end
end
root.postorder_traverse do |ent|
begin
ent.remove
rescue
raise unless force
end
end
rescue
raise unless force
end
This method removes a file system entry path. path shall be a regular file, a directory, or something. If path is a directory, remove it recursively. This method is required to avoid TOCTTOU (time-of-check-to-time-of-use) local security vulnerability of rm_r. rm_r causes security hole when:
-
Parent directory is world writable (including /tmp).
-
Removing directory tree includes world writable directory.
-
The system has symbolic link.
To avoid this security hole, this method applies special preprocess. If path is a directory, this method chown(2) and chmod(2) all removing directories. This requires the current process is the owner of the removing whole directory tree, or is the super user (root).
WARNING: You must ensure that ALL parent directories cannot be moved by other untrusted users. For example, parent directories should not be owned by untrusted users, and should not be world writable except when the sticky bit set.
WARNING: Only the owner of the removing directory tree, or Unix super user (root) should invoke this method. Otherwise this method does not work.
For details of this security vulnerability, see Perl’s case:
For fileutils.rb, this vulnerability is reported in [ruby-dev:26100].
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 774
def remove_file(path, force = false)
Entry_.new(path).remove_file
rescue
raise unless force
end
Removes a file path. This method ignores StandardError if force is true.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 556
def rm(list, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
fu_output_message "rm#{force ? ' -f' : ''} #{list.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
list.each do |path|
remove_file path, force
end
end
Remove file(s) specified in list. This method cannot remove directories. All StandardErrors are ignored when the :force option is set.
FileUtils.rm %w( junk.txt dust.txt ) FileUtils.rm Dir.glob('*.so') FileUtils.rm 'NotExistFile', :force => true # never raises exception
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 575
def rm_f(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
rm list, force: true, noop: noop, verbose: verbose
end
Equivalent to
FileUtils.rm(list, :force => true)
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 602
def rm_r(list, force: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
fu_output_message "rm -r#{force ? 'f' : ''} #{list.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
list.each do |path|
if secure
remove_entry_secure path, force
else
remove_entry path, force
end
end
end
remove files list[0] list[1]… If list[n] is a directory, removes its all contents recursively. This method ignores StandardError when :force option is set.
FileUtils.rm_r Dir.glob('/tmp/*') FileUtils.rm_r 'some_dir', :force => true
WARNING: This method causes local vulnerability if one of parent directories or removing directory tree are world writable (including /tmp, whose permission is 1777), and the current process has strong privilege such as Unix super user (root), and the system has symbolic link. For secure removing, read the documentation of remove_entry_secure carefully, and set :secure option to true. Default is :secure=>false.
NOTE: This method calls remove_entry_secure if :secure option is set. See also remove_entry_secure.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 624
def rm_rf(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)
rm_r list, force: true, noop: noop, verbose: verbose, secure: secure
end
Equivalent to
FileUtils.rm_r(list, :force => true)
WARNING: This method causes local vulnerability. Read the documentation of rm_r first.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 252
def rmdir(list, parents: nil, noop: nil, verbose: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
fu_output_message "rmdir #{parents ? '-p ' : ''}#{list.join ' '}" if verbose
return if noop
list.each do |dir|
Dir.rmdir(dir = remove_trailing_slash(dir))
if parents
begin
until (parent = File.dirname(dir)) == '.' or parent == dir
dir = parent
Dir.rmdir(dir)
end
rescue Errno::ENOTEMPTY, Errno::EEXIST, Errno::ENOENT
end
end
end
end
Removes one or more directories.
FileUtils.rmdir 'somedir' FileUtils.rmdir %w(somedir anydir otherdir) # Does not really remove directory; outputs message. FileUtils.rmdir 'somedir', :verbose => true, :noop => true
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 1120
def touch(list, noop: nil, verbose: nil, mtime: nil, nocreate: nil)
list = fu_list(list)
t = mtime
if verbose
fu_output_message "touch #{nocreate ? '-c ' : ''}#{t ? t.strftime('-t %Y%m%d%H%M.%S ') : ''}#{list.join ' '}"
end
return if noop
list.each do |path|
created = nocreate
begin
File.utime(t, t, path)
rescue Errno::ENOENT
raise if created
File.open(path, 'a') {
;
}
created = true
retry if t
end
end
end
Updates modification time (mtime) and access time (atime) of file(s) in list. Files are created if they don’t exist.
FileUtils.touch 'timestamp' FileUtils.touch Dir.glob('*.c'); system 'make'
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-2.6.10/lib/fileutils.rb, line 144
def uptodate?(new, old_list)
return false unless File.exist?(new)
new_time = File.mtime(new)
old_list.each do |old|
if File.exist?(old)
return false unless new_time > File.mtime(old)
end
end
true
end
Returns true if new is newer than all old_list. Non-existent files are older than any file.
FileUtils.uptodate?('hello.o', %w(hello.c hello.h)) or \ system 'make hello.o'