returns an Array of the components defined from the COMPONENT Array
private method to cleanup dn from using the path component attribute
private method to cleanup attributes, scope, filter and extensions, from using the query component attribute
This method provides the metavariables defined by the revision 3 of “The WWW Common Gateway Interface Version 1.1” To browse the current document of CGI Version 1.1, see below: tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3875
Creates an error page for exception ex with an optional backtrace
Finds a servlet for path
Returns true, if the arity of obj matches n_args
Returns the discarded bytes when Encoding::InvalidByteSequenceError occurs.
ec = Encoding::Converter.new("EUC-JP", "ISO-8859-1") begin ec.convert("abc\xA1\xFFdef") rescue Encoding::InvalidByteSequenceError p $! #=> #<Encoding::InvalidByteSequenceError: "\xA1" followed by "\xFF" on EUC-JP> puts $!.error_bytes.dump #=> "\xA1" puts $!.readagain_bytes.dump #=> "\xFF" end
Returns a conversion path.
p Encoding::Converter.search_convpath("ISO-8859-1", "EUC-JP")
#=> [[#<Encoding:ISO-8859-1>, #<Encoding:UTF-8>],
# [#<Encoding:UTF-8>, #<Encoding:EUC-JP>]]
p Encoding::Converter.search_convpath("ISO-8859-1", "EUC-JP", universal_newline: true)
or
p Encoding::Converter.search_convpath("ISO-8859-1", "EUC-JP", newline: :universal)
#=> [[#<Encoding:ISO-8859-1>, #<Encoding:UTF-8>],
# [#<Encoding:UTF-8>, #<Encoding:EUC-JP>],
# "universal_newline"]
p Encoding::Converter.search_convpath("ISO-8859-1", "UTF-32BE", universal_newline: true)
or
p Encoding::Converter.search_convpath("ISO-8859-1", "UTF-32BE", newline: :universal)
#=> [[#<Encoding:ISO-8859-1>, #<Encoding:UTF-8>],
# "universal_newline",
# [#<Encoding:UTF-8>, #<Encoding:UTF-32BE>]]
primitive_errinfo returns important information regarding the last error as a 5-element array:
[result, enc1, enc2, error_bytes, readagain_bytes]
result is the last result of primitive_convert.
Other elements are only meaningful when result is :invalid_byte_sequence, :incomplete_input or :undefined_conversion.
enc1 and enc2 indicate a conversion step as a pair of strings. For example, a converter from EUC-JP to ISO-8859-1 converts a string as follows: EUC-JP -> UTF-8 -> ISO-8859-1. So [enc1, enc2] is either [“EUC-JP”, “UTF-8”] or [“UTF-8”, “ISO-8859-1”].
error_bytes and readagain_bytes indicate the byte sequences which caused the error. error_bytes is discarded portion. readagain_bytes is buffered portion which is read again on next conversion.
Example:
# \xff is invalid as EUC-JP. ec = Encoding::Converter.new("EUC-JP", "Shift_JIS") ec.primitive_convert(src="\xff", dst="", nil, 10) p ec.primitive_errinfo #=> [:invalid_byte_sequence, "EUC-JP", "UTF-8", "\xFF", ""] # HIRAGANA LETTER A (\xa4\xa2 in EUC-JP) is not representable in ISO-8859-1. # Since this error is occur in UTF-8 to ISO-8859-1 conversion, # error_bytes is HIRAGANA LETTER A in UTF-8 (\xE3\x81\x82). ec = Encoding::Converter.new("EUC-JP", "ISO-8859-1") ec.primitive_convert(src="\xa4\xa2", dst="", nil, 10) p ec.primitive_errinfo #=> [:undefined_conversion, "UTF-8", "ISO-8859-1", "\xE3\x81\x82", ""] # partial character is invalid ec = Encoding::Converter.new("EUC-JP", "ISO-8859-1") ec.primitive_convert(src="\xa4", dst="", nil, 10) p ec.primitive_errinfo #=> [:incomplete_input, "EUC-JP", "UTF-8", "\xA4", ""] # Encoding::Converter::PARTIAL_INPUT prevents invalid errors by # partial characters. ec = Encoding::Converter.new("EUC-JP", "ISO-8859-1") ec.primitive_convert(src="\xa4", dst="", nil, 10, Encoding::Converter::PARTIAL_INPUT) p ec.primitive_errinfo #=> [:source_buffer_empty, nil, nil, nil, nil] # \xd8\x00\x00@ is invalid as UTF-16BE because # no low surrogate after high surrogate (\xd8\x00). # It is detected by 3rd byte (\00) which is part of next character. # So the high surrogate (\xd8\x00) is discarded and # the 3rd byte is read again later. # Since the byte is buffered in ec, it is dropped from src. ec = Encoding::Converter.new("UTF-16BE", "UTF-8") ec.primitive_convert(src="\xd8\x00\x00@", dst="", nil, 10) p ec.primitive_errinfo #=> [:invalid_byte_sequence, "UTF-16BE", "UTF-8", "\xD8\x00", "\x00"] p src #=> "@" # Similar to UTF-16BE, \x00\xd8@\x00 is invalid as UTF-16LE. # The problem is detected by 4th byte. ec = Encoding::Converter.new("UTF-16LE", "UTF-8") ec.primitive_convert(src="\x00\xd8@\x00", dst="", nil, 10) p ec.primitive_errinfo #=> [:invalid_byte_sequence, "UTF-16LE", "UTF-8", "\x00\xD8", "@\x00"] p src #=> ""
Returns an exception object for the last conversion. Returns nil if the last conversion did not produce an error.
“error” means that Encoding::InvalidByteSequenceError and Encoding::UndefinedConversionError for Encoding::Converter#convert and :invalid_byte_sequence, :incomplete_input and :undefined_conversion for Encoding::Converter#primitive_convert.
ec = Encoding::Converter.new("utf-8", "iso-8859-1") p ec.primitive_convert(src="\xf1abcd", dst="") #=> :invalid_byte_sequence p ec.last_error #=> #<Encoding::InvalidByteSequenceError: "\xF1" followed by "a" on UTF-8> p ec.primitive_convert(src, dst, nil, 1) #=> :destination_buffer_full p ec.last_error #=> nil
Parses a C prototype signature
If Hash tymap is provided, the return value and the arguments from the signature are expected to be keys, and the value will be the C type to be looked up.
Example:
include Fiddle::CParser #=> Object parse_signature('double sum(double, double)') #=> ["sum", Fiddle::TYPE_DOUBLE, [Fiddle::TYPE_DOUBLE, Fiddle::TYPE_DOUBLE]] parse_signature('void update(void (*cb)(int code))') #=> ["update", Fiddle::TYPE_VOID, [Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP]] parse_signature('char (*getbuffer(void))[80]') #=> ["getbuffer", Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP, []]
Given a String of C type ty, returns the corresponding Fiddle constant.
ty can also accept an Array of C type Strings, and will be returned in a corresponding Array.
If Hash tymap is provided, ty is expected to be the key, and the value will be the C type to be looked up.
Example:
include Fiddle::CParser #=> Object parse_ctype('int') #=> Fiddle::TYPE_INT parse_ctype('double diff') #=> Fiddle::TYPE_DOUBLE parse_ctype('unsigned char byte') #=> -Fiddle::TYPE_CHAR parse_ctype('const char* const argv[]') #=> -Fiddle::TYPE_VOIDP
Mixes the bytes from str into the Pseudo Random Number Generator(PRNG) state.
Thus, if the data from str are unpredictable to an adversary, this increases the uncertainty about the state and makes the PRNG output less predictable.
The entropy argument is (the lower bound of) an estimate of how much randomness is contained in str, measured in bytes.
Example:
pid = $$
now = Time.now
ary = [now.to_i, now.nsec, 1000, pid]
OpenSSL::Random.add(ary.join("").to_s, 0.0)
OpenSSL::Random.seed(ary.join("").to_s)
Generates string with length number of cryptographically strong pseudo-random bytes.
Example: OpenSSL::Random.random_bytes(12) => "..."
Returns an Array of individual raw profile data Hashes ordered from earliest to latest by :GC_INVOKE_TIME.
For example:
[
{
:GC_TIME=>1.3000000000000858e-05,
:GC_INVOKE_TIME=>0.010634999999999999,
:HEAP_USE_SIZE=>289640,
:HEAP_TOTAL_SIZE=>588960,
:HEAP_TOTAL_OBJECTS=>14724,
:GC_IS_MARKED=>false
},
# ...
]
The keys mean:
:GC_TIME
:GC_INVOKE_TIME
Time elapsed in seconds from startup to when the GC was invoked
:HEAP_USE_SIZE
Total bytes of heap used
:HEAP_TOTAL_SIZE
Total size of heap in bytes
:HEAP_TOTAL_OBJECTS
Total number of objects
:GC_IS_MARKED
Returns true if the GC is in mark phase
If ruby was built with GC_PROFILE_MORE_DETAIL, you will also have access to the following hash keys:
:GC_MARK_TIME
:GC_SWEEP_TIME
:ALLOCATE_INCREASE
:ALLOCATE_LIMIT
:HEAP_USE_PAGES
:HEAP_LIVE_OBJECTS
:HEAP_FREE_OBJECTS
:HAVE_FINALIZE
Get the raw cookies as a string.
Get the raw RFC2965 cookies as a string.
Parses multipart form elements according to
http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/interact/forms.html#h-17.13.4.2
Returns a hash of multipart form parameters with bodies of type StringIO or Tempfile depending on whether the multipart form element exceeds 10 KB
params[name => body]
Generate a Form element with multipart encoding as a String.
Multipart encoding is used for forms that include file uploads.
action is the action to perform. enctype is the encoding type, which defaults to “multipart/form-data”.
Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.
multipart_form{ "string" } # <FORM METHOD="post" ENCTYPE="multipart/form-data">string</FORM> multipart_form("url") { "string" } # <FORM METHOD="post" ACTION="url" ENCTYPE="multipart/form-data">string</FORM>
Generates a radio-button Input element.
name is the name of the input field. value is the value of the field if checked. checked specifies whether the field starts off checked.
Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.
radio_button("name", "value") # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="value"> radio_button("name", "value", true) # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="value" CHECKED> radio_button("NAME" => "name", "VALUE" => "value", "ID" => "foo") # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="value" ID="foo">