Calls the given block with each successive byte from self; returns self:
'hello'.each_byte {|byte| print byte, ' ' } print "\n" 'тест'.each_byte {|byte| print byte, ' ' } print "\n" 'こんにちは'.each_byte {|byte| print byte, ' ' } print "\n"
Output:
104 101 108 108 111 209 130 208 181 209 129 209 130 227 129 147 227 130 147 227 129 171 227 129 161 227 129 175
Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
Calls the given block with each successive character from self; returns self:
'hello'.each_char {|char| print char, ' ' } print "\n" 'тест'.each_char {|char| print char, ' ' } print "\n" 'こんにちは'.each_char {|char| print char, ' ' } print "\n"
Output:
h e l l o т е с т こ ん に ち は
Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
Returns whether self contains only ASCII characters:
'abc'.ascii_only? # => true "abc\u{6666}".ascii_only? # => false
Related: see Querying.
Returns a copy of self with Unicode normalization applied.
Argument form must be one of the following symbols (see Unicode normalization forms):
:nfc: Canonical decomposition, followed by canonical composition.
:nfd: Canonical decomposition.
:nfkc: Compatibility decomposition, followed by canonical composition.
:nfkd: Compatibility decomposition.
The encoding of self must be one of:
Encoding::UTF_8
Encoding::UTF_16BE
Encoding::UTF_16LE
Encoding::UTF_32BE
Encoding::UTF_32LE
Encoding::GB18030
Encoding::UCS_2BE
Encoding::UCS_4BE
Examples:
"a\u0300".unicode_normalize # => "a" "\u00E0".unicode_normalize(:nfd) # => "a "
Related: String#unicode_normalize!, String#unicode_normalized?.
Like String#unicode_normalize, except that the normalization is performed on self.
Related String#unicode_normalized?.
Returns true if self is in the given form of Unicode normalization, false otherwise. The form must be one of :nfc, :nfd, :nfkc, or :nfkd.
Examples:
"a\u0300".unicode_normalized? # => false "a\u0300".unicode_normalized?(:nfd) # => true "\u00E0".unicode_normalized? # => true "\u00E0".unicode_normalized?(:nfd) # => false
Raises an exception if self is not in a Unicode encoding:
s = "\xE0".force_encoding(Encoding::ISO_8859_1) s.unicode_normalized? # Raises Encoding::CompatibilityError.
Related: String#unicode_normalize, String#unicode_normalize!.
Format and print out counters as a String. This returns a non-empty content only when --yjit-stats is enabled.
Calls the given block with each successive grapheme cluster from self (see Unicode Grapheme Cluster Boundaries); returns self:
s = "\u0061\u0308-pqr-\u0062\u0308-xyz-\u0063\u0308" # => "ä-pqr-b̈-xyz-c̈" s.each_grapheme_cluster {|gc| print gc, ' ' }
Output:
ä - p q r - b̈ - x y z - c̈
Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
Read a chunk or all of the buffer into a string, in the specified encoding. If no encoding is provided Encoding::BINARY is used.
buffer = IO::Buffer.for('test') buffer.get_string # => "test" buffer.get_string(2) # => "st" buffer.get_string(2, 1) # => "s"
Efficiently copy from a source String into the buffer, at offset using memmove.
buf = IO::Buffer.new(8) # => # #<IO::Buffer 0x0000557412714a20+8 INTERNAL> # 0x00000000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ........ # set buffer starting from offset 1, take 2 bytes starting from string's # second buf.set_string('test', 1, 2, 1) # => 2 buf # => # #<IO::Buffer 0x0000557412714a20+8 INTERNAL> # 0x00000000 00 65 73 00 00 00 00 00 .es.....
See also copy for examples of how buffer writing might be used for changing associated strings and files.
Sanitize a single string.
If the SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH environment variable is set, returns it’s value. Otherwise, returns DEFAULT_SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH as a string.
NOTE(@duckinator): The implementation is a tad weird because we want to:
1. Make builds reproducible by default, by having this function always return the same result during a given run. 2. Allow changing ENV['SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH'] at runtime, since multiple tests that set this variable will be run in a single process.
If you simplify this function and a lot of tests fail, that is likely due to #2 above.
Details on SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH: reproducible-builds.org/specs/source-date-epoch/
Returns the value returned by method name.
in “” in “foo”
Concatenates each object in objects into self; returns self; performs no encoding validation or conversion:
s = 'foo' s.append_as_bytes(" \xE2\x82") # => "foo \xE2\x82" s.valid_encoding? # => false s.append_as_bytes("\xAC 12") s.valid_encoding? # => true
When a given object is an integer, the value is considered an 8-bit byte; if the integer occupies more than one byte (i.e,. is greater than 255), appends only the low-order byte (similar to String#setbyte):
s = "" s.append_as_bytes(0, 257) # => "\u0000\u0001" s.bytesize # => 2
Related: see Modifying.
Returns a status string for the response.
Returns the human readable error string corresponding to the error code retrieved by error.
See also the man page X509_verify_cert_error_string(3).
This method is provided by the Ripper C extension. It is called when a string needs to be dedented because of a tilde heredoc. It is expected that it will modify the string in place and return the number of bytes that were removed.
Visit an individual part of a string-like node.
“foo” ^^^^^