primitive_errinfo
returns important information regarding the last error as a 5-element array:
[result, enc1, enc2, error_bytes, readagain_bytes]
result is the last result of primitive_convert.
Other elements are only meaningful when result is :invalid_byte_sequence, :incomplete_input or :undefined_conversion.
enc1 and enc2 indicate a conversion step as a pair of strings. For example, a converter from EUC-JP to ISO-8859-1 converts a string as follows: EUC-JP -> UTF-8 -> ISO-8859-1. So [enc1, enc2] is either [“EUC-JP”, “UTF-8”] or [“UTF-8”, “ISO-8859-1”].
error_bytes and readagain_bytes indicate the byte sequences which caused the error. error_bytes is discarded portion. readagain_bytes is buffered portion which is read again on next conversion.
Example:
# \xff is invalid as EUC-JP. ec = Encoding::Converter.new("EUC-JP", "Shift_JIS") ec.primitive_convert(src="\xff", dst="", nil, 10) p ec.primitive_errinfo #=> [:invalid_byte_sequence, "EUC-JP", "Shift_JIS", "\xFF", ""] # HIRAGANA LETTER A (\xa4\xa2 in EUC-JP) is not representable in ISO-8859-1. # Since this error is occur in UTF-8 to ISO-8859-1 conversion, # error_bytes is HIRAGANA LETTER A in UTF-8 (\xE3\x81\x82). ec = Encoding::Converter.new("EUC-JP", "ISO-8859-1") ec.primitive_convert(src="\xa4\xa2", dst="", nil, 10) p ec.primitive_errinfo #=> [:undefined_conversion, "UTF-8", "ISO-8859-1", "\xE3\x81\x82", ""] # partial character is invalid ec = Encoding::Converter.new("EUC-JP", "ISO-8859-1") ec.primitive_convert(src="\xa4", dst="", nil, 10) p ec.primitive_errinfo #=> [:incomplete_input, "EUC-JP", "UTF-8", "\xA4", ""] # Encoding::Converter::PARTIAL_INPUT prevents invalid errors by # partial characters. ec = Encoding::Converter.new("EUC-JP", "ISO-8859-1") ec.primitive_convert(src="\xa4", dst="", nil, 10, Encoding::Converter::PARTIAL_INPUT) p ec.primitive_errinfo #=> [:source_buffer_empty, nil, nil, nil, nil] # \xd8\x00\x00@ is invalid as UTF-16BE because # no low surrogate after high surrogate (\xd8\x00). # It is detected by 3rd byte (\00) which is part of next character. # So the high surrogate (\xd8\x00) is discarded and # the 3rd byte is read again later. # Since the byte is buffered in ec, it is dropped from src. ec = Encoding::Converter.new("UTF-16BE", "UTF-8") ec.primitive_convert(src="\xd8\x00\x00@", dst="", nil, 10) p ec.primitive_errinfo #=> [:invalid_byte_sequence, "UTF-16BE", "UTF-8", "\xD8\x00", "\x00"] p src #=> "@" # Similar to UTF-16BE, \x00\xd8@\x00 is invalid as UTF-16LE. # The problem is detected by 4th byte. ec = Encoding::Converter.new("UTF-16LE", "UTF-8") ec.primitive_convert(src="\x00\xd8@\x00", dst="", nil, 10) p ec.primitive_errinfo #=> [:invalid_byte_sequence, "UTF-16LE", "UTF-8", "\x00\xD8", "@\x00"] p src #=> ""
Synonym for CGI.escapeElement(str)
Synonym for CGI.unescapeElement(str)
Creates an unsigned certificate for subject
and key
. The lifetime of the key is from the current time to age
which defaults to one year.
The extensions
restrict the key to the indicated uses.
Creates a new key pair of the specified algorithm
. RSA, DSA, and EC are supported.
Signs expired_certificate
with private_key
if the keys match and the expired certificate was self-signed.
Guts of original execute
Exchange real and effective user IDs and return the new effective user ID. Not available on all platforms.
[Process.uid, Process.euid] #=> [0, 31] Process::UID.re_exchange #=> 0 [Process.uid, Process.euid] #=> [31, 0]
Returns true
if the real and effective user IDs of a process may be exchanged on the current platform.
Exchange real and effective group IDs and return the new effective group ID. Not available on all platforms.
[Process.gid, Process.egid] #=> [0, 33] Process::GID.re_exchange #=> 0 [Process.gid, Process.egid] #=> [33, 0]
Returns true
if the real and effective group IDs of a process may be exchanged on the current platform.
foo => bar ^^^^^^^^^^
def foo(bar); end ^^^
foo rescue bar ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
foo => bar ^^^^^^^^^^
def foo(bar); end ^^^
foo rescue bar ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Creates a State
object from opts, which ought to be Hash
to create a new State
instance configured by opts, something else to create an unconfigured instance. If opts is a State
object, it is just returned.
Initializes this object from orig if it can be duplicated/cloned and returns it.
This string is put at the end of a line that holds a JSON
array.
This string is put at the end of a line that holds a JSON
array.
This integer returns the maximum level of data structure nesting in the generated JSON
, max_nesting
= 0 if no maximum is checked.