Results for: "Array.new"

Set the accept character set for all new CGI instances.

Equivalent to Date#- with argument n.

Equivalent to >> with argument n.

Equivalent to << with argument n * 12.

Returns the fractional part of the second in range (Rational(0, 1)…Rational(1, 1)):

DateTime.new(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.5).sec_fraction # => (1/2)

Returns the fractional part of the second in range (Rational(0, 1)…Rational(1, 1)):

DateTime.new(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.5).sec_fraction # => (1/2)

Return the number of seconds the specified time zone differs from UTC.

Numeric time zones that include minutes, such as -10:00 or +1330 will work, as will simpler hour-only time zones like -10 or +13.

Textual time zones listed in ZoneOffset are also supported.

If the time zone does not match any of the above, zone_offset will check if the local time zone (both with and without potential Daylight Saving Time changes being in effect) matches zone. Specifying a value for year will change the year used to find the local time zone.

If zone_offset is unable to determine the offset, nil will be returned.

require 'time'

Time.zone_offset("EST") #=> -18000

You must require ‘time’ to use this method.

Erases the screen at the cursor corresponding to mode. mode may be either: 0: after cursor 1: before and cursor 2: entire screen

You must require ‘io/console’ to use this method.

Scrolls the entire scrolls forward n lines.

You must require ‘io/console’ to use this method.

Scrolls the entire scrolls backward n lines.

You must require ‘io/console’ to use this method.

Clears the entire screen and moves the cursor top-left corner.

You must require ‘io/console’ to use this method.

Calls the block with each remaining line read from the stream; returns self. Does nothing if already at end-of-stream; See Line IO.

With no arguments given, reads lines as determined by line separator $/:

f = File.new('t.txt')
f.each_line {|line| p line }
f.each_line {|line| fail 'Cannot happen' }
f.close

Output:

"First line\n"
"Second line\n"
"\n"
"Fourth line\n"
"Fifth line\n"

With only string argument sep given, reads lines as determined by line separator sep; see Line Separator:

f = File.new('t.txt')
f.each_line('li') {|line| p line }
f.close

Output:

"First li"
"ne\nSecond li"
"ne\n\nFourth li"
"ne\nFifth li"
"ne\n"

The two special values for sep are honored:

f = File.new('t.txt')
# Get all into one string.
f.each_line(nil) {|line| p line }
f.close

Output:

"First line\nSecond line\n\nFourth line\nFifth line\n"

f.rewind
# Get paragraphs (up to two line separators).
f.each_line('') {|line| p line }

Output:

"First line\nSecond line\n\n"
"Fourth line\nFifth line\n"

With only integer argument limit given, limits the number of bytes in each line; see Line Limit:

f = File.new('t.txt')
f.each_line(8) {|line| p line }
f.close

Output:

"First li"
"ne\n"
"Second l"
"ine\n"
"\n"
"Fourth l"
"ine\n"
"Fifth li"
"ne\n"

With arguments sep and limit given, combines the two behaviors (see Line Separator and Line Limit).

Optional keyword argument chomp specifies whether line separators are to be omitted:

f = File.new('t.txt')
f.each_line(chomp: true) {|line| p line }
f.close

Output:

"First line"
"Second line"
""
"Fourth line"
"Fifth line"

Returns an Enumerator if no block is given.

Calls the given block with each character in the stream; returns self. See Character IO.

f = File.new('t.rus')
a = []
f.each_char {|c| a << c.ord }
a # => [1090, 1077, 1089, 1090]
f.close

Returns an Enumerator if no block is given.

Related: IO#each_byte, IO#each_codepoint.

Clone internal hash.

Equivalent to self.to_s.start_with?; see String#start_with?.

Iterates over each line in the file and yields a String object for each.

This method is called when the parser found syntax error.

EXPERIMENTAL

Parses src and create S-exp tree. This method is mainly for developer use. The filename argument is mostly ignored. By default, this method does not handle syntax errors in src, returning nil in such cases. Use the raise_errors keyword to raise a SyntaxError for an error in src.

require 'ripper'
require 'pp'

pp Ripper.sexp_raw("def m(a) nil end")
  #=> [:program,
       [:stmts_add,
        [:stmts_new],
        [:def,
         [:@ident, "m", [1, 4]],
         [:paren, [:params, [[:@ident, "a", [1, 6]]], nil, nil, nil]],
         [:bodystmt,
          [:stmts_add, [:stmts_new], [:var_ref, [:@kw, "nil", [1, 9]]]],
          nil,
          nil,
          nil]]]]

Requests a connection to be made on the given remote_sockaddr after O_NONBLOCK is set for the underlying file descriptor. Returns 0 if successful, otherwise an exception is raised.

Parameter

• remote_sockaddr - the struct sockaddr contained in a string or Addrinfo object

Example:

# Pull down Google's web page
require 'socket'
include Socket::Constants
socket = Socket.new(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)
sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_in(80, 'www.google.com')
begin # emulate blocking connect
  socket.connect_nonblock(sockaddr)
rescue IO::WaitWritable
  IO.select(nil, [socket]) # wait 3-way handshake completion
  begin
    socket.connect_nonblock(sockaddr) # check connection failure
  rescue Errno::EISCONN
  end
end
socket.write("GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n")
results = socket.read

Refer to Socket#connect for the exceptions that may be thrown if the call to connect_nonblock fails.

Socket#connect_nonblock may raise any error corresponding to connect(2) failure, including Errno::EINPROGRESS.

If the exception is Errno::EINPROGRESS, it is extended by IO::WaitWritable. So IO::WaitWritable can be used to rescue the exceptions for retrying connect_nonblock.

By specifying a keyword argument exception to false, you can indicate that connect_nonblock should not raise an IO::WaitWritable exception, but return the symbol :wait_writable instead.

See

• Socket#connect

Returns an address of the socket suitable for connect in the local machine.

This method returns self.local_address, except following condition.

• IPv4 unspecified address (0.0.0.0) is replaced by IPv4 loopback address (127.0.0.1).

• IPv6 unspecified address (::) is replaced by IPv6 loopback address (::1).

If the local address is not suitable for connect, SocketError is raised. IPv4 and IPv6 address which port is 0 is not suitable for connect. Unix domain socket which has no path is not suitable for connect.

Addrinfo.tcp("0.0.0.0", 0).listen {|serv|
  p serv.connect_address #=> #<Addrinfo: 127.0.0.1:53660 TCP>
  serv.connect_address.connect {|c|
    s, _ = serv.accept
    p [c, s] #=> [#<Socket:fd 4>, #<Socket:fd 6>]
  }
}

creates a new Socket connected to the address of local_addrinfo.

If local_addrinfo is nil, the address of the socket is not bound.

The timeout specify the seconds for timeout. Errno::ETIMEDOUT is raised when timeout occur.

If a block is given the created socket is yielded for each address.

creates a socket connected to the address of self.

If one or more arguments given as local_addr_args, it is used as the local address of the socket. local_addr_args is given for family_addrinfo to obtain actual address.

If local_addr_args is not given, the local address of the socket is not bound.

The optional last argument opts is options represented by a hash. opts may have following options:

:timeout

specify the timeout in seconds.

If a block is given, it is called with the socket and the value of the block is returned. The socket is returned otherwise.

Addrinfo.tcp("www.ruby-lang.org", 80).connect_from("0.0.0.0", 4649) {|s|
  s.print "GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: www.ruby-lang.org\r\n\r\n"
  puts s.read
}

# Addrinfo object can be taken for the argument.
Addrinfo.tcp("www.ruby-lang.org", 80).connect_from(Addrinfo.tcp("0.0.0.0", 4649)) {|s|
  s.print "GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: www.ruby-lang.org\r\n\r\n"
  puts s.read
}

creates a socket connected to remote_addr_args and bound to self.

The optional last argument opts is options represented by a hash. opts may have following options:

:timeout

specify the timeout in seconds.

If a block is given, it is called with the socket and the value of the block is returned. The socket is returned otherwise.

Addrinfo.tcp("0.0.0.0", 4649).connect_to("www.ruby-lang.org", 80) {|s|
  s.print "GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: www.ruby-lang.org\r\n\r\n"
  puts s.read
}

Calls the block with each remaining line read from the stream; does nothing if already at end-of-file; returns self. See Line IO.

With a block given, calls the block with each remaining character in the stream; see Character IO.

With no block given, returns an enumerator.