Pathname
represents the name of a file or directory on the filesystem, but not the file itself.
The pathname depends on the Operating System: Unix, Windows, etc. This library works with pathnames of local OS, however non-Unix pathnames are supported experimentally.
A Pathname
can be relative or absolute. Itβs not until you try to reference the file that it even matters whether the file exists or not.
Pathname
is immutable. It has no method for destructive update.
The goal of this class is to manipulate file path information in a neater way than standard Ruby provides. The examples below demonstrate the difference.
All functionality from File
, FileTest
, and some from Dir
and FileUtils
is included, in an unsurprising way. It is essentially a facade for all of these, and more.
Examples
Example 1: Using Pathname
require 'pathname' pn = Pathname.new("/usr/bin/ruby") size = pn.size # 27662 isdir = pn.directory? # false dir = pn.dirname # Pathname:/usr/bin base = pn.basename # Pathname:ruby dir, base = pn.split # [Pathname:/usr/bin, Pathname:ruby] data = pn.read pn.open { |f| _ } pn.each_line { |line| _ }
Example 2: Using standard Ruby
pn = "/usr/bin/ruby" size = File.size(pn) # 27662 isdir = File.directory?(pn) # false dir = File.dirname(pn) # "/usr/bin" base = File.basename(pn) # "ruby" dir, base = File.split(pn) # ["/usr/bin", "ruby"] data = File.read(pn) File.open(pn) { |f| _ } File.foreach(pn) { |line| _ }
Example 3: Special features
p1 = Pathname.new("/usr/lib") # Pathname:/usr/lib p2 = p1 + "ruby/1.8" # Pathname:/usr/lib/ruby/1.8 p3 = p1.parent # Pathname:/usr p4 = p2.relative_path_from(p3) # Pathname:lib/ruby/1.8 pwd = Pathname.pwd # Pathname:/home/gavin pwd.absolute? # true p5 = Pathname.new "." # Pathname:. p5 = p5 + "music/../articles" # Pathname:music/../articles p5.cleanpath # Pathname:articles p5.realpath # Pathname:/home/gavin/articles p5.children # [Pathname:/home/gavin/articles/linux, ...]
Breakdown of functionality
Core methods
These methods are effectively manipulating a String
, because thatβs all a path is. None of these access the file system except for mountpoint?
, children
, each_child
, realdirpath
and realpath
.
-
+
File
status predicate methods
These methods are a facade for FileTest:
File
property and manipulation methods
These methods are a facade for File:
-
open
(*args, &block)
Directory methods
These methods are a facade for Dir:
-
each_entry
(&block)
IO
These methods are a facade for IO:
-
each_line
(*args, &block)
Utilities
These methods are a mixture of Find
, FileUtils
, and others:
Method
documentation
As the above section shows, most of the methods in Pathname
are facades. The documentation for these methods generally just says, for instance, βSee FileTest.writable?
β, as you should be familiar with the original method anyway, and its documentation (e.g. through ri
) will contain more information. In some cases, a brief description will follow.
static VALUE
path_s_getwd(VALUE klass)
{
VALUE str;
str = rb_funcall(rb_cDir, id_getwd, 0);
return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str, klass);
}
static VALUE
path_s_glob(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
VALUE args[3];
int n;
n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "12", &args[0], &args[1], &args[2]);
if (rb_block_given_p()) {
return rb_block_call_kw(rb_cDir, id_glob, n, args, s_glob_i, klass, RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS);
}
else {
VALUE ary;
long i;
ary = rb_funcallv_kw(rb_cDir, id_glob, n, args, RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS);
ary = rb_convert_type(ary, T_ARRAY, "Array", "to_ary");
for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
VALUE elt = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
elt = rb_class_new_instance(1, &elt, klass);
rb_ary_store(ary, i, elt);
}
return ary;
}
}
static VALUE
path_initialize(VALUE self, VALUE arg)
{
VALUE str;
if (RB_TYPE_P(arg, T_STRING)) {
str = arg;
}
else {
str = rb_check_funcall(arg, id_to_path, 0, NULL);
if (str == Qundef)
str = arg;
StringValue(str);
}
if (memchr(RSTRING_PTR(str), '\0', RSTRING_LEN(str)))
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "pathname contains null byte");
str = rb_obj_dup(str);
set_strpath(self, str);
return self;
}
Create a Pathname
object from the given String
(or String-like object). If path
contains a NULL character (\0
), an ArgumentError
is raised.
static VALUE
path_s_getwd(VALUE klass)
{
VALUE str;
str = rb_funcall(rb_cDir, id_getwd, 0);
return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str, klass);
}
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.4.0-preview1/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb, line 356
def +(other)
other = Pathname.new(other) unless Pathname === other
Pathname.new(plus(@path, other.to_s))
end
Appends a pathname fragment to self
to produce a new Pathname
object. Since other
is considered as a path relative to self
, if other
is an absolute path, the new Pathname
object is created from just other
.
p1 = Pathname.new("/usr") # Pathname:/usr p2 = p1 + "bin/ruby" # Pathname:/usr/bin/ruby p3 = p1 + "/etc/passwd" # Pathname:/etc/passwd # / is aliased to +. p4 = p1 / "bin/ruby" # Pathname:/usr/bin/ruby p5 = p1 / "/etc/passwd" # Pathname:/etc/passwd
This method doesnβt access the file system; it is pure string manipulation.
static VALUE
path_cmp(VALUE self, VALUE other)
{
VALUE s1, s2;
char *p1, *p2;
char *e1, *e2;
if (!rb_obj_is_kind_of(other, rb_cPathname))
return Qnil;
s1 = get_strpath(self);
s2 = get_strpath(other);
p1 = RSTRING_PTR(s1);
p2 = RSTRING_PTR(s2);
e1 = p1 + RSTRING_LEN(s1);
e2 = p2 + RSTRING_LEN(s2);
while (p1 < e1 && p2 < e2) {
int c1, c2;
c1 = (unsigned char)*p1++;
c2 = (unsigned char)*p2++;
if (c1 == '/') c1 = '\0';
if (c2 == '/') c2 = '\0';
if (c1 != c2) {
if (c1 < c2)
return INT2FIX(-1);
else
return INT2FIX(1);
}
}
if (p1 < e1)
return INT2FIX(1);
if (p2 < e2)
return INT2FIX(-1);
return INT2FIX(0);
}
Provides a case-sensitive comparison operator for pathnames.
Pathname.new('/usr') <=> Pathname.new('/usr/bin') #=> -1 Pathname.new('/usr/bin') <=> Pathname.new('/usr/bin') #=> 0 Pathname.new('/usr/bin') <=> Pathname.new('/USR/BIN') #=> 1
It will return -1
, 0
or 1
depending on the value of the left argument relative to the right argument. Or it will return nil
if the arguments are not comparable.
static VALUE
path_eq(VALUE self, VALUE other)
{
if (!rb_obj_is_kind_of(other, rb_cPathname))
return Qfalse;
return rb_str_equal(get_strpath(self), get_strpath(other));
}
Compare this pathname with other
. The comparison is string-based. Be aware that two different paths (foo.txt
and ./foo.txt
) can refer to the same file.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.4.0-preview1/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb, line 233
def absolute?
ABSOLUTE_PATH.match? @path
end
Predicate method for testing whether a path is absolute.
It returns true
if the pathname begins with a slash.
p = Pathname.new('/im/sure') p.absolute? #=> true p = Pathname.new('not/so/sure') p.absolute? #=> false
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.4.0-preview1/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb, line 330
def ascend
return to_enum(__method__) unless block_given?
path = @path
yield self
while r = chop_basename(path)
path, = r
break if path.empty?
yield self.class.new(del_trailing_separator(path))
end
end
Iterates over and yields a new Pathname
object for each element in the given path in ascending order.
Pathname.new('/path/to/some/file.rb').ascend {|v| p v} #<Pathname:/path/to/some/file.rb> #<Pathname:/path/to/some> #<Pathname:/path/to> #<Pathname:/path> #<Pathname:/> Pathname.new('path/to/some/file.rb').ascend {|v| p v} #<Pathname:path/to/some/file.rb> #<Pathname:path/to/some> #<Pathname:path/to> #<Pathname:path>
Returns an Enumerator
if no block was given.
enum = Pathname.new("/usr/bin/ruby").ascend # ... do stuff ... enum.each { |e| ... } # yields Pathnames /usr/bin/ruby, /usr/bin, /usr, and /.
It doesnβt access the filesystem.
static VALUE
path_atime(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_atime, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
Returns the last access time for the file.
See File.atime
.
static VALUE
path_basename(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
VALUE fext;
if (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &fext) == 0)
str = rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_basename, 1, str);
else
str = rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_basename, 2, str, fext);
return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str, rb_obj_class(self));
}
Returns the last component of the path.
See File.basename
.
static VALUE
path_binread(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
VALUE args[3];
int n;
args[0] = get_strpath(self);
n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02", &args[1], &args[2]);
return rb_funcallv(rb_cFile, id_binread, 1+n, args);
}
Returns all the bytes from the file, or the first N
if specified.
See File.binread
.
static VALUE
path_binwrite(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
VALUE args[4];
int n;
args[0] = get_strpath(self);
n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "03", &args[1], &args[2], &args[3]);
return rb_funcallv_kw(rb_cFile, id_binwrite, 1+n, args, RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS);
}
Writes contents
to the file, opening it in binary mode.
See File.binwrite
.
static VALUE
path_birthtime(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_birthtime, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
Returns the birth time for the file. If the platform doesnβt have birthtime, raises NotImplementedError
.
See File.birthtime
.
static VALUE
path_blockdev_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_blockdev_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.blockdev?
.
static VALUE
path_chardev_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_chardev_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.chardev?
.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.4.0-preview1/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb, line 449
def children(with_directory=true)
with_directory = false if @path == '.'
result = []
Dir.foreach(@path) {|e|
next if e == '.' || e == '..'
if with_directory
result << self.class.new(File.join(@path, e))
else
result << self.class.new(e)
end
}
result
end
Returns the children of the directory (files and subdirectories, not recursive) as an array of Pathname
objects.
By default, the returned pathnames will have enough information to access the files. If you set with_directory
to false
, then the returned pathnames will contain the filename only.
For example:
pn = Pathname("/usr/lib/ruby/1.8") pn.children # -> [ Pathname:/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/English.rb, Pathname:/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/Env.rb, Pathname:/usr/lib/ruby/1.8/abbrev.rb, ... ] pn.children(false) # -> [ Pathname:English.rb, Pathname:Env.rb, Pathname:abbrev.rb, ... ]
Note that the results never contain the entries .
and ..
in the directory because they are not children.
static VALUE
path_chmod(VALUE self, VALUE mode)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_chmod, 2, mode, get_strpath(self));
}
Changes file permissions.
See File.chmod
.
static VALUE
path_chown(VALUE self, VALUE owner, VALUE group)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_chown, 3, owner, group, get_strpath(self));
}
Change owner and group of the file.
See File.chown
.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.4.0-preview1/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb, line 94
def cleanpath(consider_symlink=false)
if consider_symlink
cleanpath_conservative
else
cleanpath_aggressive
end
end
Returns clean pathname of self
with consecutive slashes and useless dots removed. The filesystem is not accessed.
If consider_symlink
is true
, then a more conservative algorithm is used to avoid breaking symbolic linkages. This may retain more ..
entries than absolutely necessary, but without accessing the filesystem, this canβt be avoided.
See Pathname#realpath
.
static VALUE
path_ctime(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_ctime, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
Returns the last change time, using directory information, not the file itself.
See File.ctime
.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.4.0-preview1/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb, line 297
def descend
return to_enum(__method__) unless block_given?
vs = []
ascend {|v| vs << v }
vs.reverse_each {|v| yield v }
nil
end
Iterates over and yields a new Pathname
object for each element in the given path in descending order.
Pathname.new('/path/to/some/file.rb').descend {|v| p v} #<Pathname:/> #<Pathname:/path> #<Pathname:/path/to> #<Pathname:/path/to/some> #<Pathname:/path/to/some/file.rb> Pathname.new('path/to/some/file.rb').descend {|v| p v} #<Pathname:path> #<Pathname:path/to> #<Pathname:path/to/some> #<Pathname:path/to/some/file.rb>
Returns an Enumerator
if no block was given.
enum = Pathname.new("/usr/bin/ruby").descend # ... do stuff ... enum.each { |e| ... } # yields Pathnames /, /usr, /usr/bin, and /usr/bin/ruby.
It doesnβt access the filesystem.
static VALUE
path_directory_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_directory_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.directory?
.
static VALUE
path_dirname(VALUE self)
{
VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
str = rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_dirname, 1, str);
return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str, rb_obj_class(self));
}
Returns all but the last component of the path.
See File.dirname
.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.4.0-preview1/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb, line 499
def each_child(with_directory=true, &b)
children(with_directory).each(&b)
end
Iterates over the children of the directory (files and subdirectories, not recursive).
It yields Pathname
object for each child.
By default, the yielded pathnames will have enough information to access the files.
If you set with_directory
to false
, then the returned pathnames will contain the filename only.
Pathname("/usr/local").each_child {|f| p f } #=> #<Pathname:/usr/local/share> # #<Pathname:/usr/local/bin> # #<Pathname:/usr/local/games> # #<Pathname:/usr/local/lib> # #<Pathname:/usr/local/include> # #<Pathname:/usr/local/sbin> # #<Pathname:/usr/local/src> # #<Pathname:/usr/local/man> Pathname("/usr/local").each_child(false) {|f| p f } #=> #<Pathname:share> # #<Pathname:bin> # #<Pathname:games> # #<Pathname:lib> # #<Pathname:include> # #<Pathname:sbin> # #<Pathname:src> # #<Pathname:man>
Note that the results never contain the entries .
and ..
in the directory because they are not children.
static VALUE
path_each_entry(VALUE self)
{
VALUE args[1];
RETURN_ENUMERATOR(self, 0, 0);
args[0] = get_strpath(self);
return rb_block_call(rb_cDir, id_foreach, 1, args, each_entry_i, rb_obj_class(self));
}
Iterates over the entries (files and subdirectories) in the directory, yielding a Pathname
object for each entry.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.4.0-preview1/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb, line 265
def each_filename # :yield: filename
return to_enum(__method__) unless block_given?
_, names = split_names(@path)
names.each {|filename| yield filename }
nil
end
Iterates over each component of the path.
Pathname.new("/usr/bin/ruby").each_filename {|filename| ... } # yields "usr", "bin", and "ruby".
Returns an Enumerator
if no block was given.
enum = Pathname.new("/usr/bin/ruby").each_filename # ... do stuff ... enum.each { |e| ... } # yields "usr", "bin", and "ruby".
static VALUE
path_each_line(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
VALUE args[4];
int n;
args[0] = get_strpath(self);
n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "03", &args[1], &args[2], &args[3]);
if (rb_block_given_p()) {
return rb_block_call_kw(rb_cFile, id_foreach, 1+n, args, 0, 0, RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS);
}
else {
return rb_funcallv_kw(rb_cFile, id_foreach, 1+n, args, RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS);
}
}
Iterates over each line in the file and yields a String
object for each.
static VALUE
path_empty_p(VALUE self)
{
VALUE path = get_strpath(self);
if (RTEST(rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_directory_p, 1, path)))
return rb_funcall(rb_cDir, id_empty_p, 1, path);
else
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_empty_p, 1, path);
}
Tests the file is empty.
See Dir#empty? and FileTest.empty?
.
static VALUE
path_entries(VALUE self)
{
VALUE klass, str, ary;
long i;
klass = rb_obj_class(self);
str = get_strpath(self);
ary = rb_funcall(rb_cDir, id_entries, 1, str);
ary = rb_convert_type(ary, T_ARRAY, "Array", "to_ary");
for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
VALUE elt = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
elt = rb_class_new_instance(1, &elt, klass);
rb_ary_store(ary, i, elt);
}
return ary;
}
Return the entries (files and subdirectories) in the directory, each as a Pathname
object.
The results contains just the names in the directory, without any trailing slashes or recursive look-up.
pp Pathname.new('/usr/local').entries #=> [#<Pathname:share>, # #<Pathname:lib>, # #<Pathname:..>, # #<Pathname:include>, # #<Pathname:etc>, # #<Pathname:bin>, # #<Pathname:man>, # #<Pathname:games>, # #<Pathname:.>, # #<Pathname:sbin>, # #<Pathname:src>]
The result may contain the current directory #<Pathname:.>
and the parent directory #<Pathname:..>
.
If you donβt want .
and ..
and want directories, consider Pathname#children
.
static VALUE
path_executable_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_executable_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.executable?
.
static VALUE
path_executable_real_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_executable_real_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
static VALUE
path_exist_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_exist_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.exist?
.
static VALUE
path_expand_path(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
VALUE dname;
if (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &dname) == 0)
str = rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_expand_path, 1, str);
else
str = rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_expand_path, 2, str, dname);
return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str, rb_obj_class(self));
}
Returns the absolute path for the file.
See File.expand_path
.
static VALUE
path_extname(VALUE self)
{
VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_extname, 1, str);
}
Returns the fileβs extension.
See File.extname
.
static VALUE
path_file_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_file_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.file?
.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.4.0-preview1/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb, line 571
def find(ignore_error: true) # :yield: pathname
return to_enum(__method__, ignore_error: ignore_error) unless block_given?
require 'find'
if @path == '.'
Find.find(@path, ignore_error: ignore_error) {|f| yield self.class.new(f.sub(%r{\A\./}, '')) }
else
Find.find(@path, ignore_error: ignore_error) {|f| yield self.class.new(f) }
end
end
Iterates over the directory tree in a depth first manner, yielding a Pathname
for each file under βthisβ directory.
Returns an Enumerator
if no block is given.
Since it is implemented by the standard library module Find
, Find.prune
can be used to control the traversal.
If self
is .
, yielded pathnames begin with a filename in the current directory, not ./
.
See Find.find
static VALUE
path_fnmatch(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
VALUE pattern, flags;
if (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &pattern, &flags) == 1)
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_fnmatch, 2, pattern, str);
else
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_fnmatch, 3, pattern, str, flags);
}
Return true
if the receiver matches the given pattern.
See File.fnmatch
.
static VALUE
path_freeze(VALUE self)
{
rb_call_super(0, 0);
rb_str_freeze(get_strpath(self));
return self;
}
Freezes this Pathname
.
See Object.freeze
.
static VALUE
path_ftype(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_ftype, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
Returns βtypeβ of file (βfileβ, βdirectoryβ, etc).
See File.ftype
.
static VALUE
path_glob(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
VALUE args[3];
int n;
n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "11", &args[0], &args[1]);
if (n == 1)
args[1] = INT2FIX(0);
args[2] = rb_hash_new();
rb_hash_aset(args[2], ID2SYM(id_base), get_strpath(self));
n = 3;
if (rb_block_given_p()) {
return rb_block_call_kw(rb_cDir, id_glob, n, args, glob_i, self, RB_PASS_KEYWORDS);
}
else {
VALUE ary;
long i;
ary = rb_funcallv_kw(rb_cDir, id_glob, n, args, RB_PASS_KEYWORDS);
ary = rb_convert_type(ary, T_ARRAY, "Array", "to_ary");
for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) {
VALUE elt = RARRAY_AREF(ary, i);
elt = rb_funcall(self, '+', 1, elt);
rb_ary_store(ary, i, elt);
}
return ary;
}
}
static VALUE
path_grpowned_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_grpowned_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.grpowned?
.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.4.0-preview1/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb, line 416
def join(*args)
return self if args.empty?
result = args.pop
result = Pathname.new(result) unless Pathname === result
return result if result.absolute?
args.reverse_each {|arg|
arg = Pathname.new(arg) unless Pathname === arg
result = arg + result
return result if result.absolute?
}
self + result
end
Joins the given pathnames onto self
to create a new Pathname
object. This is effectively the same as using Pathname#+
to append self
and all arguments sequentially.
path0 = Pathname.new("/usr") # Pathname:/usr path0 = path0.join("bin/ruby") # Pathname:/usr/bin/ruby # is the same as path1 = Pathname.new("/usr") + "bin/ruby" # Pathname:/usr/bin/ruby path0 == path1 #=> true
static VALUE
path_lchmod(VALUE self, VALUE mode)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_lchmod, 2, mode, get_strpath(self));
}
Same as Pathname.chmod
, but does not follow symbolic links.
See File.lchmod
.
static VALUE
path_lchown(VALUE self, VALUE owner, VALUE group)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_lchown, 3, owner, group, get_strpath(self));
}
Same as Pathname.chown
, but does not follow symbolic links.
See File.lchown
.
static VALUE
path_lstat(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_lstat, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See File.lstat
.
static VALUE
path_lutime(VALUE self, VALUE atime, VALUE mtime)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_lutime, 3, atime, mtime, get_strpath(self));
}
Update the access and modification times of the file.
Same as Pathname#utime
, but does not follow symbolic links.
See File.lutime
.
static VALUE
path_make_link(VALUE self, VALUE old)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_link, 2, old, get_strpath(self));
}
Creates a hard link at pathname.
See File.link
.
static VALUE
path_make_symlink(VALUE self, VALUE old)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_symlink, 2, old, get_strpath(self));
}
Creates a symbolic link.
See File.symlink
.
static VALUE
path_mkdir(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
VALUE vmode;
if (rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &vmode) == 0)
return rb_funcall(rb_cDir, id_mkdir, 1, str);
else
return rb_funcall(rb_cDir, id_mkdir, 2, str, vmode);
}
Create the referenced directory.
See Dir.mkdir
.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.4.0-preview1/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb, line 588
def mkpath(mode: nil)
require 'fileutils'
FileUtils.mkpath(@path, mode: mode)
nil
end
Creates a full path, including any intermediate directories that donβt yet exist.
See FileUtils.mkpath
and FileUtils.mkdir_p
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.4.0-preview1/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb, line 201
def mountpoint?
begin
stat1 = self.lstat
stat2 = self.parent.lstat
stat1.dev != stat2.dev || stat1.ino == stat2.ino
rescue Errno::ENOENT
false
end
end
Returns true
if self
points to a mountpoint.
static VALUE
path_mtime(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_mtime, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
Returns the last modified time of the file.
See File.mtime
.
static VALUE
path_open(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
VALUE args[4];
int n;
args[0] = get_strpath(self);
n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "03", &args[1], &args[2], &args[3]);
if (rb_block_given_p()) {
return rb_block_call_kw(rb_cFile, id_open, 1+n, args, 0, 0, RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS);
}
else {
return rb_funcallv_kw(rb_cFile, id_open, 1+n, args, RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS);
}
}
Opens the file for reading or writing.
See File.open
.
static VALUE
path_opendir(VALUE self)
{
VALUE args[1];
args[0] = get_strpath(self);
return rb_block_call(rb_cDir, id_open, 1, args, 0, 0);
}
Opens the referenced directory.
See Dir.open
.
static VALUE
path_owned_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_owned_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.owned?
.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.4.0-preview1/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb, line 196
def parent
self + '..'
end
Returns the parent directory.
This is same as self + '..'
.
static VALUE
path_pipe_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_pipe_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.pipe?
.
static VALUE
path_read(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
VALUE args[4];
int n;
args[0] = get_strpath(self);
n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "03", &args[1], &args[2], &args[3]);
return rb_funcallv_kw(rb_cFile, id_read, 1+n, args, RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS);
}
Returns all data from the file, or the first N
bytes if specified.
See File.read
.
static VALUE
path_readable_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_readable_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.readable?
.
static VALUE
path_readable_real_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_readable_real_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
static VALUE
path_readlines(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
VALUE args[4];
int n;
args[0] = get_strpath(self);
n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "03", &args[1], &args[2], &args[3]);
return rb_funcallv_kw(rb_cFile, id_readlines, 1+n, args, RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS);
}
Returns all the lines from the file.
See File.readlines
.
static VALUE
path_readlink(VALUE self)
{
VALUE str;
str = rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_readlink, 1, get_strpath(self));
return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str, rb_obj_class(self));
}
Read symbolic link.
See File.readlink
.
static VALUE
path_realdirpath(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
VALUE basedir, str;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &basedir);
str = rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_realdirpath, 2, get_strpath(self), basedir);
return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str, rb_obj_class(self));
}
Returns the real (absolute) pathname of self
in the actual filesystem.
Does not contain symlinks or useless dots, ..
and .
.
The last component of the real pathname can be nonexistent.
static VALUE
path_realpath(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
VALUE basedir, str;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &basedir);
str = rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_realpath, 2, get_strpath(self), basedir);
return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str, rb_obj_class(self));
}
Returns the real (absolute) pathname for self
in the actual filesystem.
Does not contain symlinks or useless dots, ..
and .
.
All components of the pathname must exist when this method is called.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.4.0-preview1/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb, line 248
def relative?
!absolute?
end
The opposite of Pathname#absolute?
It returns false
if the pathname begins with a slash.
p = Pathname.new('/im/sure') p.relative? #=> false p = Pathname.new('not/so/sure') p.relative? #=> true
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.4.0-preview1/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb, line 517
def relative_path_from(base_directory)
base_directory = Pathname.new(base_directory) unless base_directory.is_a? Pathname
dest_directory = self.cleanpath.to_s
base_directory = base_directory.cleanpath.to_s
dest_prefix = dest_directory
dest_names = []
while r = chop_basename(dest_prefix)
dest_prefix, basename = r
dest_names.unshift basename if basename != '.'
end
base_prefix = base_directory
base_names = []
while r = chop_basename(base_prefix)
base_prefix, basename = r
base_names.unshift basename if basename != '.'
end
unless SAME_PATHS[dest_prefix, base_prefix]
raise ArgumentError, "different prefix: #{dest_prefix.inspect} and #{base_directory.inspect}"
end
while !dest_names.empty? &&
!base_names.empty? &&
SAME_PATHS[dest_names.first, base_names.first]
dest_names.shift
base_names.shift
end
if base_names.include? '..'
raise ArgumentError, "base_directory has ..: #{base_directory.inspect}"
end
base_names.fill('..')
relpath_names = base_names + dest_names
if relpath_names.empty?
Pathname.new('.')
else
Pathname.new(File.join(*relpath_names))
end
end
Returns a relative path from the given base_directory
to the receiver.
If self
is absolute, then base_directory
must be absolute too.
If self
is relative, then base_directory
must be relative too.
This method doesnβt access the filesystem. It assumes no symlinks.
ArgumentError
is raised when it cannot find a relative path.
Note that this method does not handle situations where the case sensitivity of the filesystem in use differs from the operating system default.
static VALUE
path_rename(VALUE self, VALUE to)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_rename, 2, get_strpath(self), to);
}
Rename the file.
See File.rename
.
static VALUE
path_rmdir(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_cDir, id_rmdir, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
Remove the referenced directory.
See Dir.rmdir
.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.4.0-preview1/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb, line 597
def rmtree(noop: nil, verbose: nil, secure: nil)
# The name "rmtree" is borrowed from File::Path of Perl.
# File::Path provides "mkpath" and "rmtree".
require 'fileutils'
FileUtils.rm_rf(@path, noop: noop, verbose: verbose, secure: secure)
nil
end
Recursively deletes a directory, including all directories beneath it.
See FileUtils.rm_rf
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.4.0-preview1/ext/pathname/lib/pathname.rb, line 218
def root?
chop_basename(@path) == nil && /#{SEPARATOR_PAT}/o.match?(@path)
end
Predicate method for root directories. Returns true
if the pathname consists of consecutive slashes.
It doesnβt access the filesystem. So it may return false
for some pathnames which points to roots such as /usr/..
.
static VALUE
path_setgid_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_setgid_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.setgid?
.
static VALUE
path_setuid_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_setuid_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.setuid?
.
static VALUE
path_size(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_size, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.size
.
static VALUE
path_size_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_size_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.size?
.
static VALUE
path_socket_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_socket_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.socket?
.
static VALUE
path_split(VALUE self)
{
VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
VALUE ary, dirname, basename;
ary = rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_split, 1, str);
Check_Type(ary, T_ARRAY);
dirname = rb_ary_entry(ary, 0);
basename = rb_ary_entry(ary, 1);
dirname = rb_class_new_instance(1, &dirname, rb_obj_class(self));
basename = rb_class_new_instance(1, &basename, rb_obj_class(self));
return rb_ary_new3(2, dirname, basename);
}
Returns the dirname
and the basename
in an Array
.
See File.split
.
static VALUE
path_stat(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_stat, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
Returns a File::Stat
object.
See File.stat
.
static VALUE
path_sticky_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_sticky_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.sticky?
.
static VALUE
path_sub(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
if (rb_block_given_p()) {
str = rb_block_call(str, id_sub, argc, argv, 0, 0);
}
else {
str = rb_funcallv(str, id_sub, argc, argv);
}
return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str, rb_obj_class(self));
}
Return a pathname which is substituted by String#sub
.
path1 = Pathname.new('/usr/bin/perl') path1.sub('perl', 'ruby') #=> #<Pathname:/usr/bin/ruby>
static VALUE
path_sub_ext(VALUE self, VALUE repl)
{
VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
VALUE str2;
long extlen;
const char *ext;
const char *p;
StringValue(repl);
p = RSTRING_PTR(str);
extlen = RSTRING_LEN(str);
ext = ruby_enc_find_extname(p, &extlen, rb_enc_get(str));
if (ext == NULL) {
ext = p + RSTRING_LEN(str);
}
else if (extlen <= 1) {
ext += extlen;
}
str2 = rb_str_subseq(str, 0, ext-p);
rb_str_append(str2, repl);
return rb_class_new_instance(1, &str2, rb_obj_class(self));
}
Return a pathname with repl
added as a suffix to the basename.
If self has no extension part, repl
is appended.
Pathname.new('/usr/bin/shutdown').sub_ext('.rb') #=> #<Pathname:/usr/bin/shutdown.rb>
static VALUE
path_symlink_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_symlink_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.symlink?
.
static VALUE
path_sysopen(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
VALUE args[3];
int n;
args[0] = get_strpath(self);
n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02", &args[1], &args[2]);
return rb_funcallv(rb_cIO, id_sysopen, 1+n, args);
}
See IO.sysopen
.
static VALUE
path_to_s(VALUE self)
{
return rb_obj_dup(get_strpath(self));
}
static VALUE
path_truncate(VALUE self, VALUE length)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_truncate, 2, get_strpath(self), length);
}
Truncates the file to length
bytes.
See File.truncate
.
static VALUE
path_unlink(VALUE self)
{
VALUE eENOTDIR = rb_const_get_at(rb_mErrno, id_ENOTDIR);
VALUE str = get_strpath(self);
return rb_rescue2(unlink_body, str, unlink_rescue, str, eENOTDIR, (VALUE)0);
}
Removes a file or directory, using File.unlink
if self
is a file, or Dir.unlink
as necessary.
static VALUE
path_utime(VALUE self, VALUE atime, VALUE mtime)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_cFile, id_utime, 3, atime, mtime, get_strpath(self));
}
Update the access and modification times of the file.
See File.utime
.
static VALUE
path_world_readable_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_world_readable_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
static VALUE
path_world_writable_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_world_writable_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
static VALUE
path_writable_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_writable_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.writable?
.
static VALUE
path_writable_real_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_writable_real_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
static VALUE
path_write(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
VALUE args[4];
int n;
args[0] = get_strpath(self);
n = rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "03", &args[1], &args[2], &args[3]);
return rb_funcallv_kw(rb_cFile, id_write, 1+n, args, RB_PASS_CALLED_KEYWORDS);
}
Writes contents
to the file.
See File.write
.
static VALUE
path_zero_p(VALUE self)
{
return rb_funcall(rb_mFileTest, id_zero_p, 1, get_strpath(self));
}
See FileTest.zero?
.