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Returns an array of flattened objects returned by the block.

With a block given, calls the block with successive elements; returns a flattened array of objects returned by the block:

[0, 1, 2, 3].flat_map {|element| -element }                    # => [0, -1, -2, -3]
[0, 1, 2, 3].flat_map {|element| [element, -element] }         # => [0, 0, 1, -1, 2, -2, 3, -3]
[[0, 1], [2, 3]].flat_map {|e| e + [100] }                     # => [0, 1, 100, 2, 3, 100]
{foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}.flat_map {|key, value| [key, value] } # => [:foo, 0, :bar, 1, :baz, 2]

With no block given, returns an Enumerator.

Alias: collect_concat.

Returns an array of flattened objects returned by the block.

With a block given, calls the block with successive elements; returns a flattened array of objects returned by the block:

[0, 1, 2, 3].flat_map {|element| -element }                    # => [0, -1, -2, -3]
[0, 1, 2, 3].flat_map {|element| [element, -element] }         # => [0, 0, 1, -1, 2, -2, 3, -3]
[[0, 1], [2, 3]].flat_map {|e| e + [100] }                     # => [0, 1, 100, 2, 3, 100]
{foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}.flat_map {|key, value| [key, value] } # => [:foo, 0, :bar, 1, :baz, 2]

With no block given, returns an Enumerator.

Alias: collect_concat.

Calls the block with successive elements as long as the block returns a truthy value; returns an array of all elements up to that point:

(1..4).take_while{|i| i < 3 } # => [1, 2]
h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
h.take_while{|element| key, value = *element; value < 2 }
# => [[:foo, 0], [:bar, 1]]

With no block given, returns an Enumerator.

Sets create identifier, which is used to decide if the json_create hook of a class should be called; initial value is json_class:

JSON.create_id # => 'json_class'

Returns the current create identifier. See also JSON.create_id=.

Arguments obj and opts here are the same as arguments obj and opts in JSON.generate.

By default, generates JSON data without checking for circular references in obj (option max_nesting set to false, disabled).

Raises an exception if obj contains circular references:

a = []; b = []; a.push(b); b.push(a)
# Raises SystemStackError (stack level too deep):
JSON.fast_generate(a)

Arguments obj and opts here are the same as arguments obj and opts in JSON.generate.

Default options are:

{
  indent: '  ',   # Two spaces
  space: ' ',     # One space
  array_nl: "\n", # Newline
  object_nl: "\n" # Newline
}

Example:

obj = {foo: [:bar, :baz], bat: {bam: 0, bad: 1}}
json = JSON.pretty_generate(obj)
puts json

Output:

{
  "foo": [
    "bar",
    "baz"
  ],
  "bat": {
    "bam": 0,
    "bad": 1
  }
}

Returns the source file origin from the given object.

See ::trace_object_allocations for more information and examples.

Returns the original line from source for from the given object.

See ::trace_object_allocations for more information and examples.

Returns the table for calculating CRC checksum as an array.

Returns true if the named file is readable by the real user and group id of this process. See access(3).

Note that some OS-level security features may cause this to return true even though the file is not readable by the real user/group.

If file_name is readable by others, returns an integer representing the file permission bits of file_name. Returns nil otherwise. The meaning of the bits is platform dependent; on Unix systems, see stat(2).

file_name can be an IO object.

File.world_readable?("/etc/passwd")           #=> 420
m = File.world_readable?("/etc/passwd")
sprintf("%o", m)                              #=> "644"

Returns true if the named file is writable by the real user and group id of this process. See access(3).

Note that some OS-level security features may cause this to return true even though the file is not writable by the real user/group.

If file_name is writable by others, returns an integer representing the file permission bits of file_name. Returns nil otherwise. The meaning of the bits is platform dependent; on Unix systems, see stat(2).

file_name can be an IO object.

File.world_writable?("/tmp")                  #=> 511
m = File.world_writable?("/tmp")
sprintf("%o", m)                              #=> "777"

Returns true if the named file is executable by the real user and group id of this process. See access(3).

Windows does not support execute permissions separately from read permissions. On Windows, a file is only considered executable if it ends in .bat, .cmd, .com, or .exe.

Note that some OS-level security features may cause this to return true even though the file is not executable by the real user/group.

Returns the number of malloc() allocations.

Only available if ruby was built with CALC_EXACT_MALLOC_SIZE.

Return measured GC total time in nano seconds.

Try to activate a gem containing path. Returns true if activation succeeded or wasn’t needed because it was already activated. Returns false if it can’t find the path in a gem.

Find the full path to the executable for gem name. If the exec_name is not given, an exception will be raised, otherwise the specified executable’s path is returned. requirements allows you to specify specific gem versions.

Reset the dir and path values. The next time dir or path is requested, the values will be calculated from scratch. This is mainly used by the unit tests to provide test isolation.

Adds a post-install hook that will be passed an Gem::Installer instance when Gem::Installer#install is called

Adds a post-installs hook that will be passed a Gem::DependencyInstaller and a list of installed specifications when Gem::DependencyInstaller#install is complete

Adds a post-uninstall hook that will be passed a Gem::Uninstaller instance and the spec that was uninstalled when Gem::Uninstaller#uninstall is called

Adds a pre-install hook that will be passed an Gem::Installer instance when Gem::Installer#install is called. If the hook returns false then the install will be aborted.

Adds a pre-uninstall hook that will be passed an Gem::Uninstaller instance and the spec that will be uninstalled when Gem::Uninstaller#uninstall is called

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