Returns a new binding each time near TOPLEVEL_BINDING for runs that do not specify a binding.
Creates a new ipaddr containing the given network byte ordered string form of an IP address.
Returns an arbitrary seed value. This is used by Random.new when no seed value is specified as an argument.
Random.new_seed #=> 115032730400174366788466674494640623225
Creates a new MonitorMixin::ConditionVariable associated with the Monitor object.
This string is put at the end of a line that holds a JSON array.
This string is put at the end of a line that holds a JSON array.
newton.rb
Solves the nonlinear algebraic equation system f = 0 by Newton’s method. This program is not dependent on BigDecimal.
To call:
n = nlsolve(f,x)
where n is the number of iterations required,
x is the initial value vector
f is an Object which is used to compute the values of the equations to be solved.
It must provide the following methods:
returns the values of all functions at x
returns 0.0
returns 1.0
returns 2.0
returns 10.0
returns the convergence criterion (epsilon value) used to determine whether two values are considered equal. If |a-b| < epsilon, the two values are considered equal.
On exit, x is the solution vector.
Creates a new Lazy enumerator. When the enumerator is actually enumerated (e.g. by calling force), obj will be enumerated and each value passed to the given block. The block can yield values back using yielder. For example, to create a “filter+map” enumerator:
def filter_map(sequence) Lazy.new(sequence) do |yielder, *values| result = yield *values yielder << result if result end end filter_map(1..Float::INFINITY) {|i| i*i if i.even?}.first(5) #=> [4, 16, 36, 64, 100]
Generates a new enumerator object that iterates over the elements of given enumerable objects in sequence.
e = Enumerator::Chain.new(1..3, [4, 5]) e.to_a #=> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] e.size #=> 5
Create a new SHA2 hash object with a given bit length.
Valid bit lengths are 256, 384 and 512.
Construct a new Closure object.
ret is the C type to be returned
args is an Array of arguments, passed to the callback function
abi is the abi of the closure
If there is an error in preparing the ffi_cif or ffi_prep_closure, then a RuntimeError will be raised.
Constructs a Function object.
ptr is a referenced function, of a Fiddle::Handle
args is an Array of arguments, passed to the ptr function
ret_type is the return type of the function
abi is the ABI of the function
name is the name of the function
need_gvl is whether GVL is needed to call the function
Create a new handler that opens library with flags.
If no library is specified or nil is given, DEFAULT is used, which is the equivalent to RTLD_DEFAULT. See man 3 dlopen for more.
lib = Fiddle::Handle.new
The default is dependent on OS, and provide a handle for all libraries already loaded. For example, in most cases you can use this to access libc functions, or ruby functions like rb_str_new.
Create a new handler with the open handlers
Used internally by Fiddle::Importer.dlload
Wraps the C pointer addr as a C struct with the given types.
When the instance is garbage collected, the C function func is called.
See also Fiddle::Pointer.new
Create a new pinned object reference. The Fiddle::Pinned instance will prevent the GC from moving object.
Create a new pointer to address with an optional size and freefunc.
freefunc will be called when the instance is garbage collected.
Construct a new OpenSSL BIGNUM object.
If bn is an Integer or OpenSSL::BN, a new instance of OpenSSL::BN representing the same value is returned. See also Integer#to_bn for the short-hand.
If a String is given, the content will be parsed according to base.
stringThe string to be parsed.
baseThe format. Must be one of the following:
0 - MPI format. See the man page BN_mpi2bn(3) for details.
2 - Variable-length and big-endian binary encoding of a positive number.
10 - Decimal number representation, with a leading ‘-’ for a negative number.
16 - Hexadeciaml number representation, with a leading ‘-’ for a negative number.
The string must contain a valid cipher name like “aes-256-cbc”.
A list of cipher names is available by calling OpenSSL::Cipher.ciphers.
Creates a Digest instance based on string, which is either the ln (long name) or sn (short name) of a supported digest algorithm.
If data (a String) is given, it is used as the initial input to the Digest instance, i.e.
digest = OpenSSL::Digest.new('sha256', 'digestdata')
is equivalent to
digest = OpenSSL::Digest.new('sha256') digest.update('digestdata')
Returns an instance of OpenSSL::HMAC set with the key and digest algorithm to be used. The instance represents the initial state of the message authentication code before any data has been processed. To process data with it, use the instance method update with your data as an argument.
key = 'key' instance = OpenSSL::HMAC.new(key, 'SHA1') #=> f42bb0eeb018ebbd4597ae7213711ec60760843f instance.class #=> OpenSSL::HMAC
Two instances can be securely compared with == in constant time:
other_instance = OpenSSL::HMAC.new('key', 'SHA1') #=> f42bb0eeb018ebbd4597ae7213711ec60760843f instance == other_instance #=> true
Creates an instance of OpenSSL::Config from the content of the file specified by filename.
This can be used in contexts like OpenSSL::X509::ExtensionFactory.config=
This can raise IO exceptions based on the access, or availability of the file. A ConfigError exception may be raised depending on the validity of the data being configured.