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Scans one character and returns it. This method is multibyte character sensitive.

s = StringScanner.new("ab")
s.getch           # => "a"
s.getch           # => "b"
s.getch           # => nil

s = StringScanner.new("\244\242".force_encoding("euc-jp"))
s.getch           # => "\x{A4A2}"   # Japanese hira-kana "A" in EUC-JP
s.getch           # => nil

Equivalent to get_byte. This method is obsolete; use get_byte instead.

Returns current codepage.

WIN32OLE.codepage # => WIN32OLE::CP_ACP

Sets current codepage. The WIN32OLE.codepage is initialized according to Encoding.default_internal. If Encoding.default_internal is nil then WIN32OLE.codepage is initialized according to Encoding.default_external.

WIN32OLE.codepage = WIN32OLE::CP_UTF8
WIN32OLE.codepage = 65001

Returns current locale id (lcid). The default locale is WIN32OLE::LOCALE_SYSTEM_DEFAULT.

lcid = WIN32OLE.locale

Sets current locale id (lcid).

WIN32OLE.locale = 1033 # set locale English(U.S)
obj = WIN32OLE_VARIANT.new("$100,000", WIN32OLE::VARIANT::VT_CY)

Runs the early binding method to set property. The 1st argument specifies dispatch ID, the 2nd argument specifies the array of arguments, the 3rd argument specifies the array of the type of arguments.

excel = WIN32OLE.new('Excel.Application')
excel._setproperty(558, [true], [WIN32OLE::VARIANT::VT_BOOL]) # same effect as excel.visible = true

Sets property of OLE object. When you want to set property with argument, you can use this method.

excel = WIN32OLE.new('Excel.Application')
excel.Visible = true
book = excel.workbooks.add
sheet = book.worksheets(1)
sheet.setproperty('Cells', 1, 2, 10) # => The B1 cell value is 10.

sets event handler object. If handler object has onXXX method according to XXX event, then onXXX method is called when XXX event occurs.

If handler object has method_missing and there is no method according to the event, then method_missing called and 1-st argument is event name.

If handler object has onXXX method and there is block defined by WIN32OLE_EVENT#on_event(‘XXX’){}, then block is executed but handler object method is not called when XXX event occurs.

class Handler
  def onStatusTextChange(text)
    puts "StatusTextChanged"
  end
  def onPropertyChange(prop)
    puts "PropertyChanged"
  end
  def method_missing(ev, *arg)
    puts "other event #{ev}"
  end
end

handler = Handler.new
ie = WIN32OLE.new('InternetExplorer.Application')
ev = WIN32OLE_EVENT.new(ie)
ev.on_event("StatusTextChange") {|*args|
  puts "this block executed."
  puts "handler.onStatusTextChange method is not called."
}
ev.handler = handler

returns handler object.

Returns array of ProgID.

Returns ProgID if it exists. If not found, then returns nil.

tobj = WIN32OLE_TYPE.new('Microsoft Excel 9.0 Object Library', 'Application')
puts tobj.progid  # =>   Excel.Application.9

Returns the type library version.

tlib = WIN32OLE_TYPELIB.new('Microsoft Excel 9.0 Object Library')
puts tlib.version #-> "1.3"

Hash#filter is an alias for Hash#select.

Returns a new Hash object whose entries are those for which the block returns a truthy value:

h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
h.select {|key, value| value < 2 } # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>1}

Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:

h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
e = h.select # => #<Enumerator: {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}:select>
e.each {|key, value| value < 2 } # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>1}

Hash#filter! is an alias for Hash#select!.

Returns self, whose entries are those for which the block returns a truthy value:

h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
h.select! {|key, value| value < 2 }  => {:foo=>0, :bar=>1}

Returns nil if no entries were removed.

Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:

h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
e = h.select!  # => #<Enumerator: {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}:select!>
e.each { |key, value| value < 2 } # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>1}

Returns a new Hash object with the each key-value pair inverted:

h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
h1 = h.invert
h1 # => {0=>:foo, 1=>:bar, 2=>:baz}

Overwrites any repeated new keys: (see Entry Order):

h = {foo: 0, bar: 0, baz: 0}
h.invert # => {0=>:baz}

Methods has_key?, key?, and member? are aliases for #include?.

Returns true if key is a key in self, otherwise false.

ENV.filter is an alias for ENV.select.

Yields each environment variable name and its value as a 2-element Array, returning a Hash of the names and values for which the block returns a truthy value:

ENV.replace('foo' => '0', 'bar' => '1', 'baz' => '2')
ENV.select { |name, value| name.start_with?('b') } # => {"bar"=>"1", "baz"=>"2"}
ENV.filter { |name, value| name.start_with?('b') } # => {"bar"=>"1", "baz"=>"2"}

Returns an Enumerator if no block given:

e = ENV.select # => #<Enumerator: {"bar"=>"1", "baz"=>"2", "foo"=>"0"}:select>
e.each { |name, value | name.start_with?('b') } # => {"bar"=>"1", "baz"=>"2"}
e = ENV.filter # => #<Enumerator: {"bar"=>"1", "baz"=>"2", "foo"=>"0"}:filter>
e.each { |name, value | name.start_with?('b') } # => {"bar"=>"1", "baz"=>"2"}

ENV.filter! is an alias for ENV.select!.

Yields each environment variable name and its value as a 2-element Array, deleting each entry for which the block returns false or nil, and returning ENV if any deletions made, or nil otherwise:

ENV.replace('foo' => '0', 'bar' => '1', 'baz' => '2')
ENV.select! { |name, value| name.start_with?('b') } # => ENV
ENV # => {"bar"=>"1", "baz"=>"2"}
ENV.select! { |name, value| true } # => nil

ENV.replace('foo' => '0', 'bar' => '1', 'baz' => '2')
ENV.filter! { |name, value| name.start_with?('b') } # => ENV
ENV # => {"bar"=>"1", "baz"=>"2"}
ENV.filter! { |name, value| true } # => nil

Returns an Enumerator if no block given:

ENV.replace('foo' => '0', 'bar' => '1', 'baz' => '2')
e = ENV.select! # => #<Enumerator: {"bar"=>"1", "baz"=>"2"}:select!>
e.each { |name, value| name.start_with?('b') } # => ENV
ENV # => {"bar"=>"1", "baz"=>"2"}
e.each { |name, value| true } # => nil

ENV.replace('foo' => '0', 'bar' => '1', 'baz' => '2')
e = ENV.filter! # => #<Enumerator: {"bar"=>"1", "baz"=>"2"}:filter!>
e.each { |name, value| name.start_with?('b') } # => ENV
ENV # => {"bar"=>"1", "baz"=>"2"}
e.each { |name, value| true } # => nil

Returns a Hash whose keys are the ENV values, and whose values are the corresponding ENV names:

ENV.replace('foo' => '0', 'bar' => '1')
ENV.invert # => {"1"=>"bar", "0"=>"foo"}

For a duplicate ENV value, overwrites the hash entry:

ENV.replace('foo' => '0', 'bar' => '0')
ENV.invert # => {"0"=>"foo"}

Note that the order of the ENV processing is OS-dependent, which means that the order of overwriting is also OS-dependent. See About Ordering.

ENV.has_key?, ENV.member?, and ENV.key? are aliases for ENV.include?.

Returns true if there is an environment variable with the given name:

ENV.replace('foo' => '0', 'bar' => '1')
ENV.include?('foo') # => true

Returns false if name is a valid String and there is no such environment variable:

ENV.include?('baz') # => false

Returns false if name is the empty String or is a String containing character '=':

ENV.include?('') # => false
ENV.include?('=') # => false

Raises an exception if name is a String containing the NUL character "\0":

ENV.include?("\0") # Raises ArgumentError (bad environment variable name: contains null byte)

Raises an exception if name has an encoding that is not ASCII-compatible:

ENV.include?("\xa1\xa1".force_encoding(Encoding::UTF_16LE))
# Raises ArgumentError (bad environment variable name: ASCII incompatible encoding: UTF-16LE)

Raises an exception if name is not a String:

ENV.include?(Object.new) # TypeError (no implicit conversion of Object into String)

Returns ENV itself, and warns because ENV is a wrapper for the process-wide environment variables and a clone is useless. If freeze keyword is given and not nil or false, raises ArgumentError. If freeze keyword is given and true, raises TypeError, as ENV storage cannot be frozen.

Returns the next line from the current file in ARGF.

By default lines are assumed to be separated by $/; to use a different character as a separator, supply it as a String for the sep argument.

The optional limit argument specifies how many characters of each line to return. By default all characters are returned.

See IO.readlines for details about getline_args.

Reads the next character from ARGF and returns it as a String. Returns nil at the end of the stream.

ARGF treats the files named on the command line as a single file created by concatenating their contents. After returning the last character of the first file, it returns the first character of the second file, and so on.

For example:

$ echo "foo" > file
$ ruby argf.rb file

ARGF.getc  #=> "f"
ARGF.getc  #=> "o"
ARGF.getc  #=> "o"
ARGF.getc  #=> "\n"
ARGF.getc  #=> nil
ARGF.getc  #=> nil

Gets the next 8-bit byte (0..255) from ARGF. Returns nil if called at the end of the stream.

For example:

$ echo "foo" > file
$ ruby argf.rb file

ARGF.getbyte #=> 102
ARGF.getbyte #=> 111
ARGF.getbyte #=> 111
ARGF.getbyte #=> 10
ARGF.getbyte #=> nil