Removes a file or directory, using File.unlink if self is a file, or Dir.unlink as necessary.
This method is called when strong warning is produced by the parser. fmt and args is printf style.
Tokenizes the Ruby program and returns an array of strings. The filename and lineno arguments are mostly ignored, since the return value is just the tokenized input. By default, this method does not handle syntax errors in src, use the raise_errors keyword to raise a SyntaxError for an error in src.
p Ripper.tokenize("def m(a) nil end") # => ["def", " ", "m", "(", "a", ")", " ", "nil", " ", "end"]
Pushes back one character (passed as a parameter) such that a subsequent buffered read will return it. There is no limitation for multiple pushbacks including pushing back behind the beginning of the buffer string.
Truncates the buffer string to at most integer bytes. The stream must be opened for writing.
Sets the scan pointer to the previous position. Only one previous position is remembered, and it changes with each scanning operation.
s = StringScanner.new('test string') s.scan(/\w+/) # => "test" s.unscan s.scan(/../) # => "te" s.scan(/\d/) # => nil s.unscan # ScanError: unscan failed: previous match record not exist
disconnects OLE server. If this method called, then the WIN32OLE_EVENT object does not receive the OLE server event any more. This method is trial implementation.
ie = WIN32OLE.new('InternetExplorer.Application')
ev = WIN32OLE_EVENT.new(ie)
ev.on_event() {...}
...
ev.unadvise
Generate results and print them. (see ERB#result)
Log an UNKNOWN message. This will be printed no matter what the logger’s level is.
See info for more information.
Returns a matrix with entries rounded to the given precision (see Float#round)
Returns a vector with entries rounded to the given precision (see Float#round)
Returns the modulus (Pythagorean distance) of the vector.
Vector[5,8,2].r # => 9.643650761
Unlinks (deletes) the file from the filesystem. One should always unlink the file after using it, as is explained in the “Explicit close” good practice section in the Tempfile overview:
file = Tempfile.new('foo') begin # ...do something with file... ensure file.close file.unlink # deletes the temp file end
On POSIX systems it’s possible to unlink a file before closing it. This practice is explained in detail in the Tempfile overview (section “Unlink after creation”); please refer there for more information.
However, unlink-before-close may not be supported on non-POSIX operating systems. Microsoft Windows is the most notable case: unlinking a non-closed file will result in an error, which this method will silently ignore. If you want to practice unlink-before-close whenever possible, then you should write code like this:
file = Tempfile.new('foo') file.unlink # On Windows this silently fails. begin # ... do something with file ... ensure file.close! # Closes the file handle. If the file wasn't unlinked # because #unlink failed, then this method will attempt # to do so again. end
Dissociates meth from its current receiver. The resulting UnboundMethod can subsequently be bound to a new object of the same class (see UnboundMethod).
Returns total count of Ractors currently running.
Ractor.count #=> 1 r = Ractor.new(name: 'example') { Ractor.yield(1) } Ractor.count #=> 2 (main + example ractor) r.take # wait for Ractor.yield(1) r.take # wait till r will finish Ractor.count #=> 1
Wakes up thr, making it eligible for scheduling.
a = Thread.new { puts "a"; Thread.stop; puts "c" } sleep 0.1 while a.status!='sleep' puts "Got here" a.run a.join
This will produce:
a Got here c
See also the instance method wakeup.
Releases the lock. Raises ThreadError if mutex wasn’t locked by the current thread.
Obtains a lock, runs the block, and releases the lock when the block completes. See the example under Mutex.
Returns the number of items in enum through enumeration. If an argument is given, the number of items in enum that are equal to item are counted. If a block is given, it counts the number of elements yielding a true value.
ary = [1, 2, 4, 2] ary.count #=> 4 ary.count(2) #=> 2 ary.count{ |x| x%2==0 } #=> 3
Enumerates over the items, chunking them together based on the return value of the block.
Consecutive elements which return the same block value are chunked together.
For example, consecutive even numbers and odd numbers can be chunked as follows.
[3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 3, 5].chunk { |n| n.even? }.each { |even, ary| p [even, ary] } #=> [false, [3, 1]] # [true, [4]] # [false, [1, 5, 9]] # [true, [2, 6]] # [false, [5, 3, 5]]
This method is especially useful for sorted series of elements. The following example counts words for each initial letter.
open("/usr/share/dict/words", "r:iso-8859-1") { |f| f.chunk { |line| line.upcase.ord }.each { |ch, lines| p [ch.chr, lines.length] } } #=> ["\n", 1] # ["A", 1327] # ["B", 1372] # ["C", 1507] # ["D", 791] # ...
The following key values have special meaning:
nil and :_separator specifies that the elements should be dropped.
:_alone specifies that the element should be chunked by itself.
Any other symbols that begin with an underscore will raise an error:
items.chunk { |item| :_underscore } #=> RuntimeError: symbols beginning with an underscore are reserved
nil and :_separator can be used to ignore some elements.
For example, the sequence of hyphens in svn log can be eliminated as follows:
sep = "-"*72 + "\n" IO.popen("svn log README") { |f| f.chunk { |line| line != sep || nil }.each { |_, lines| pp lines } } #=> ["r20018 | knu | 2008-10-29 13:20:42 +0900 (Wed, 29 Oct 2008) | 2 lines\n", # "\n", # "* README, README.ja: Update the portability section.\n", # "\n"] # ["r16725 | knu | 2008-05-31 23:34:23 +0900 (Sat, 31 May 2008) | 2 lines\n", # "\n", # "* README, README.ja: Add a note about default C flags.\n", # "\n"] # ...
Paragraphs separated by empty lines can be parsed as follows:
File.foreach("README").chunk { |line| /\A\s*\z/ !~ line || nil }.each { |_, lines| pp lines }
:_alone can be used to force items into their own chunk. For example, you can put lines that contain a URL by themselves, and chunk the rest of the lines together, like this:
pattern = /http/ open(filename) { |f| f.chunk { |line| line =~ pattern ? :_alone : true }.each { |key, lines| pp lines } }
If no block is given, an enumerator to ‘chunk` is returned instead.
Returns the system information obtained by uname system call.
The return value is a hash which has 5 keys at least:
:sysname, :nodename, :release, :version, :machine
Example:
require 'etc' require 'pp' pp Etc.uname #=> {:sysname=>"Linux", # :nodename=>"boron", # :release=>"2.6.18-6-xen-686", # :version=>"#1 SMP Thu Nov 5 19:54:42 UTC 2009", # :machine=>"i686"}
Returns the hexadecimal representation of a memory pointer address addr
Example:
lib = Fiddle.dlopen('/lib64/libc-2.15.so')
=> #<Fiddle::Handle:0x00000001342460>
lib['strcpy'].to_s(16)
=> "7f59de6dd240"
Fiddle.dlunwrap(Fiddle.dlwrap(lib['strcpy'].to_s(16)))
=> "7f59de6dd240"