Returns the signedness of the given type. You may optionally specify additional headers to search in for the type.
If the type is found and is a numeric type, a macro is passed as a preprocessor constant to the compiler using the type name, in uppercase, prepended with SIGNEDNESS_OF_, followed by the type name, followed by =X where “X” is positive integer if the type is unsigned and a negative integer if the type is signed.
For example, if size_t is defined as unsigned, then check_signedness('size_t') would return +1 and the SIGNEDNESS_OF_SIZE_T=+1 preprocessor macro would be passed to the compiler. The SIGNEDNESS_OF_INT=-1 macro would be set for check_signedness('int')
Open3.pipeline_start starts a list of commands as a pipeline. No pipes are created for stdin of the first command and stdout of the last command.
Open3.pipeline_start(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts]) {|wait_threads|
...
}
wait_threads = Open3.pipeline_start(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts])
...
Each cmd is a string or an array. If it is an array, the elements are passed to Process.spawn.
cmd: commandline command line string which is passed to a shell [env, commandline, opts] command line string which is passed to a shell [env, cmdname, arg1, ..., opts] command name and one or more arguments (no shell) [env, [cmdname, argv0], arg1, ..., opts] command name and arguments including argv[0] (no shell) Note that env and opts are optional, as for Process.spawn.
Example:
# Run xeyes in 10 seconds. Open3.pipeline_start("xeyes") {|ts| sleep 10 t = ts[0] Process.kill("TERM", t.pid) p t.value #=> #<Process::Status: pid 911 SIGTERM (signal 15)> } # Convert pdf to ps and send it to a printer. # Collect error message of pdftops and lpr. pdf_file = "paper.pdf" printer = "printer-name" err_r, err_w = IO.pipe Open3.pipeline_start(["pdftops", pdf_file, "-"], ["lpr", "-P#{printer}"], :err=>err_w) {|ts| err_w.close p err_r.read # error messages of pdftops and lpr. }
Open3.pipeline_start starts a list of commands as a pipeline. No pipes are created for stdin of the first command and stdout of the last command.
Open3.pipeline_start(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts]) {|wait_threads|
...
}
wait_threads = Open3.pipeline_start(cmd1, cmd2, ... [, opts])
...
Each cmd is a string or an array. If it is an array, the elements are passed to Process.spawn.
cmd: commandline command line string which is passed to a shell [env, commandline, opts] command line string which is passed to a shell [env, cmdname, arg1, ..., opts] command name and one or more arguments (no shell) [env, [cmdname, argv0], arg1, ..., opts] command name and arguments including argv[0] (no shell) Note that env and opts are optional, as for Process.spawn.
Example:
# Run xeyes in 10 seconds. Open3.pipeline_start("xeyes") {|ts| sleep 10 t = ts[0] Process.kill("TERM", t.pid) p t.value #=> #<Process::Status: pid 911 SIGTERM (signal 15)> } # Convert pdf to ps and send it to a printer. # Collect error message of pdftops and lpr. pdf_file = "paper.pdf" printer = "printer-name" err_r, err_w = IO.pipe Open3.pipeline_start(["pdftops", pdf_file, "-"], ["lpr", "-P#{printer}"], :err=>err_w) {|ts| err_w.close p err_r.read # error messages of pdftops and lpr. }
How String Gem paths should be split. Overridable for esoteric platforms.
Returns true if the given instance variable is defined in obj. String arguments are converted to symbols.
class Fred def initialize(p1, p2) @a, @b = p1, p2 end end fred = Fred.new('cat', 99) fred.instance_variable_defined?(:@a) #=> true fred.instance_variable_defined?("@b") #=> true fred.instance_variable_defined?("@c") #=> false
Returns true if the given class variable is defined in obj. String arguments are converted to symbols.
class Fred @@foo = 99 end Fred.class_variable_defined?(:@@foo) #=> true Fred.class_variable_defined?(:@@bar) #=> false
Returns the size of optional parameters.
tobj = WIN32OLE_TYPE.new('Microsoft Excel 9.0 Object Library', 'Workbook') method = WIN32OLE_METHOD.new(tobj, 'SaveAs') puts method.size_opt_params # => 4
Returns true if a local variable symbol exists.
def foo a = 1 binding.local_variable_defined?(:a) #=> true binding.local_variable_defined?(:b) #=> false end
This method is the short version of the following code:
binding.eval("defined?(#{symbol}) == 'local-variable'")
Specifies a character to be appended on completion. Nothing will be appended if an empty string (“”) or nil is specified.
For example:
require "readline" Readline.readline("> ", true) Readline.completion_append_character = " "
Result:
> Input "/var/li". > /var/li Press TAB key. > /var/lib Completes "b" and appends " ". So, you can continuously input "/usr". > /var/lib /usr
NOTE: Only one character can be specified. When “string” is specified, sets only “s” that is the first.
require "readline" Readline.completion_append_character = "string" p Readline.completion_append_character # => "s"
Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
Returns a string containing a character to be appended on completion. The default is a space (“ ”).
Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
When called during a completion (e.g. from within your completion_proc), it will return a string containing the character used to quote the argument being completed, or nil if the argument is unquoted.
When called at other times, it will always return nil.
Note that Readline.completer_quote_characters must be set, or this method will always return nil.
Sets a list of quote characters which can cause a word break.
Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
Gets a list of quote characters which can cause a word break.
Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
Sets a list of characters which can be used to quote a substring of the line. Completion occurs on the entire substring, and within the substring Readline.completer_word_break_characters are treated as any other character, unless they also appear within this list.
Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
Gets a list of characters which can be used to quote a substring of the line.
Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
Sets a list of characters that cause a filename to be quoted by the completer when they appear in a completed filename. The default is nil.
Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
Gets a list of characters that cause a filename to be quoted by the completer when they appear in a completed filename.
Raises NotImplementedError if the using readline library does not support.
Returns strongly connected components as an array of arrays of nodes. The array is sorted from children to parents. Each elements of the array represents a strongly connected component.
class G include TSort def initialize(g) @g = g end def tsort_each_child(n, &b) @g[n].each(&b) end def tsort_each_node(&b) @g.each_key(&b) end end graph = G.new({1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]}) p graph.strongly_connected_components #=> [[4], [2], [3], [1]] graph = G.new({1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]}) p graph.strongly_connected_components #=> [[4], [2, 3], [1]]
Returns strongly connected components as an array of arrays of nodes. The array is sorted from children to parents. Each elements of the array represents a strongly connected component.
The graph is represented by each_node and each_child. each_node should have call method which yields for each node in the graph. each_child should have call method which takes a node argument and yields for each child node.
g = {1=>[2, 3], 2=>[4], 3=>[2, 4], 4=>[]} each_node = lambda {|&b| g.each_key(&b) } each_child = lambda {|n, &b| g[n].each(&b) } p TSort.strongly_connected_components(each_node, each_child) #=> [[4], [2], [3], [1]] g = {1=>[2], 2=>[3, 4], 3=>[2], 4=>[]} each_node = lambda {|&b| g.each_key(&b) } each_child = lambda {|n, &b| g[n].each(&b) } p TSort.strongly_connected_components(each_node, each_child) #=> [[4], [2, 3], [1]]
Generates a random prime number of bit length bits. If safe is set to true, generates a safe prime. If add is specified, generates a prime that fulfills condition p % add = rem.