Returns the latest release version of RubyGems.
Pushes back erred argument(s) to argv.
possible opt elements:
hash form: :partial_input => true # source buffer may be part of larger source :after_output => true # stop conversion after output before input integer form: Encoding::Converter::PARTIAL_INPUT Encoding::Converter::AFTER_OUTPUT
possible results:
:invalid_byte_sequence :incomplete_input :undefined_conversion :after_output :destination_buffer_full :source_buffer_empty :finished
primitive_convert converts source_buffer into destination_buffer.
source_buffer should be a string or nil. nil means an empty string.
destination_buffer should be a string.
destination_byteoffset should be an integer or nil. nil means the end of destination_buffer. If it is omitted, nil is assumed.
destination_bytesize should be an integer or nil. nil means unlimited. If it is omitted, nil is assumed.
opt should be nil, a hash or an integer. nil means no flags. If it is omitted, nil is assumed.
primitive_convert converts the content of source_buffer from beginning and store the result into destination_buffer.
destination_byteoffset and destination_bytesize specify the region which the converted result is stored. destination_byteoffset specifies the start position in destination_buffer in bytes. If destination_byteoffset is nil, destination_buffer.bytesize is used for appending the result. destination_bytesize specifies maximum number of bytes. If destination_bytesize is nil, destination size is unlimited. After conversion, destination_buffer is resized to destination_byteoffset + actually produced number of bytes. Also destination_buffer’s encoding is set to destination_encoding.
primitive_convert drops the converted part of source_buffer. the dropped part is converted in destination_buffer or buffered in Encoding::Converter object.
primitive_convert stops conversion when one of following condition met.
invalid byte sequence found in source buffer (:invalid_byte_sequence) primitive_errinfo and last_error methods returns the detail of the error.
unexpected end of source buffer (:incomplete_input) this occur only when :partial_input is not specified. primitive_errinfo and last_error methods returns the detail of the error.
character not representable in output encoding (:undefined_conversion) primitive_errinfo and last_error methods returns the detail of the error.
after some output is generated, before input is done (:after_output) this occur only when :after_output is specified.
destination buffer is full (:destination_buffer_full) this occur only when destination_bytesize is non-nil.
source buffer is empty (:source_buffer_empty) this occur only when :partial_input is specified.
conversion is finished (:finished)
example:
ec = Encoding::Converter.new("UTF-8", "UTF-16BE") ret = ec.primitive_convert(src="pi", dst="", nil, 100) p [ret, src, dst] #=> [:finished, "", "\x00p\x00i"] ec = Encoding::Converter.new("UTF-8", "UTF-16BE") ret = ec.primitive_convert(src="pi", dst="", nil, 1) p [ret, src, dst] #=> [:destination_buffer_full, "i", "\x00"] ret = ec.primitive_convert(src, dst="", nil, 1) p [ret, src, dst] #=> [:destination_buffer_full, "", "p"] ret = ec.primitive_convert(src, dst="", nil, 1) p [ret, src, dst] #=> [:destination_buffer_full, "", "\x00"] ret = ec.primitive_convert(src, dst="", nil, 1) p [ret, src, dst] #=> [:finished, "", "i"]
Verify internal consistency.
This method is implementation specific. Now this method checks generational consistency if RGenGC is supported.
Invoked as a callback whenever a singleton method is added to the receiver.
module Chatty def Chatty.singleton_method_added(id) puts "Adding #{id.id2name}" end def self.one() end def two() end def Chatty.three() end end
produces:
Adding singleton_method_added Adding one Adding three
Convert source_string and return destination_string.
source_string is assumed as a part of source. i.e. :partial_input=>true is specified internally. finish method should be used last.
ec = Encoding::Converter.new("utf-8", "euc-jp") puts ec.convert("\u3042").dump #=> "\xA4\xA2" puts ec.finish.dump #=> "" ec = Encoding::Converter.new("euc-jp", "utf-8") puts ec.convert("\xA4").dump #=> "" puts ec.convert("\xA2").dump #=> "\xE3\x81\x82" puts ec.finish.dump #=> "" ec = Encoding::Converter.new("utf-8", "iso-2022-jp") puts ec.convert("\xE3").dump #=> "".force_encoding("ISO-2022-JP") puts ec.convert("\x81").dump #=> "".force_encoding("ISO-2022-JP") puts ec.convert("\x82").dump #=> "\e$B$\"".force_encoding("ISO-2022-JP") puts ec.finish.dump #=> "\e(B".force_encoding("ISO-2022-JP")
If a conversion error occur, Encoding::UndefinedConversionError or Encoding::InvalidByteSequenceError is raised. Encoding::Converter#convert doesn’t supply methods to recover or restart from these exceptions. When you want to handle these conversion errors, use Encoding::Converter#primitive_convert.
If object is an Array object, returns object.
Otherwise if object responds to :to_ary, calls object.to_ary and returns the result.
Returns nil if object does not respond to :to_ary
Raises an exception unless object.to_ary returns an Array object.
Calls the block with each repeated combination of length n of the elements of self; each combination is an Array; returns self. The order of the combinations is indeterminate.
When a block and a positive Integer argument n are given, calls the block with each n-tuple repeated combination of the elements of self. The number of combinations is (n+1)(n+2)/2.
n = 1:
a = [0, 1, 2] a.repeated_combination(1) {|combination| p combination }
Output:
[0] [1] [2]
n = 2:
a.repeated_combination(2) {|combination| p combination }
Output:
[0, 0] [0, 1] [0, 2] [1, 1] [1, 2] [2, 2]
If n is zero, calls the block once with an empty Array.
If n is negative, does not call the block:
a.repeated_combination(-1) {|combination| fail 'Cannot happen' }
Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:
a = [0, 1, 2] a.repeated_combination(2) # => #<Enumerator: [0, 1, 2]:combination(2)>
Using Enumerators, it’s convenient to show the combinations and counts for some values of n:
e = a.repeated_combination(0) e.size # => 1 e.to_a # => [[]] e = a.repeated_combination(1) e.size # => 3 e.to_a # => [[0], [1], [2]] e = a.repeated_combination(2) e.size # => 6 e.to_a # => [[0, 0], [0, 1], [0, 2], [1, 1], [1, 2], [2, 2]]
If object is a String object, returns object.
Otherwise if object responds to :to_str, calls object.to_str and returns the result.
Returns nil if object does not respond to :to_str
Raises an exception unless object.to_str returns a String object.
Try to convert obj into an IO, using to_io method. Returns converted IO or nil if obj cannot be converted for any reason.
IO.try_convert(STDOUT) #=> STDOUT IO.try_convert("STDOUT") #=> nil require 'zlib' f = open("/tmp/zz.gz") #=> #<File:/tmp/zz.gz> z = Zlib::GzipReader.open(f) #=> #<Zlib::GzipReader:0x81d8744> IO.try_convert(z) #=> #<File:/tmp/zz.gz>
IO.copy_stream copies src to dst. src and dst is either a filename or an IO-like object. IO-like object for src should have readpartial or read method. IO-like object for dst should have write method. (Specialized mechanisms, such as sendfile system call, may be used on appropriate situation.)
This method returns the number of bytes copied.
If optional arguments are not given, the start position of the copy is the beginning of the filename or the current file offset of the IO. The end position of the copy is the end of file.
If copy_length is given, No more than copy_length bytes are copied.
If src_offset is given, it specifies the start position of the copy.
When src_offset is specified and src is an IO, IO.copy_stream doesn’t move the current file offset.
Try to convert obj into a Regexp, using to_regexp method. Returns converted regexp or nil if obj cannot be converted for any reason.
Regexp.try_convert(/re/) #=> /re/ Regexp.try_convert("re") #=> nil o = Object.new Regexp.try_convert(o) #=> nil def o.to_regexp() /foo/ end Regexp.try_convert(o) #=> /foo/
Returns an address of the socket suitable for connect in the local machine.
This method returns self.local_address, except following condition.
IPv4 unspecified address (0.0.0.0) is replaced by IPv4 loopback address (127.0.0.1).
IPv6 unspecified address (::) is replaced by IPv6 loopback address (::1).
If the local address is not suitable for connect, SocketError is raised. IPv4 and IPv6 address which port is 0 is not suitable for connect. Unix domain socket which has no path is not suitable for connect.
Addrinfo.tcp("0.0.0.0", 0).listen {|serv| p serv.connect_address #=> #<Addrinfo: 127.0.0.1:53660 TCP> serv.connect_address.connect {|c| s, _ = serv.accept p [c, s] #=> [#<Socket:fd 4>, #<Socket:fd 6>] } }
This method is defined for backward compatibility.
If obj is a Hash object, returns obj.
Otherwise if obj responds to :to_hash, calls obj.to_hash and returns the result.
Returns nil if obj does not respond to :to_hash
Raises an exception unless obj.to_hash returns a Hash object.
Returns the value that determines whether unconverted fields are to be available; used for parsing; see {Option unconverted_fields}:
CSV.new('').unconverted_fields? # => nil
Returns an Array containing header converters; used for parsing; see Header Converters:
CSV.new('').header_converters # => []