Returns the date format being used. See datetime_format=
Creates an OptionParser::Switch
from the parameters. The parsed argument value is passed to the given block, where it can be processed.
See at the beginning of OptionParser
for some full examples.
params
can include the following elements:
One of the following:
:NONE, :REQUIRED, :OPTIONAL
Acceptable option argument format, must be pre-defined with OptionParser.accept
or OptionParser#accept
, or Regexp
. This can appear once or assigned as String
if not present, otherwise causes an ArgumentError
. Examples:
Float, Time, Array
[:text, :binary, :auto] %w[iso-2022-jp shift_jis euc-jp utf8 binary] { "jis" => "iso-2022-jp", "sjis" => "shift_jis" }
Specifies a long style switch which takes a mandatory, optional or no argument. It’s a string of the following form:
"--switch=MANDATORY" or "--switch MANDATORY" "--switch[=OPTIONAL]" "--switch"
Specifies short style switch which takes a mandatory, optional or no argument. It’s a string of the following form:
"-xMANDATORY" "-x[OPTIONAL]" "-x"
There is also a special form which matches character range (not full set of regular expression):
"-[a-z]MANDATORY" "-[a-z][OPTIONAL]" "-[a-z]"
Instead of specifying mandatory or optional arguments directly in the switch parameter, this separate parameter can be used.
"=MANDATORY" "=[OPTIONAL]"
Description string for the option.
"Run verbosely"
If you give multiple description strings, each string will be printed line by line.
Handler for the parsed argument value. Either give a block or pass a Proc
or Method
as an argument.
mtch.values_at(index, ...) -> array
Uses each index to access the matching values, returning an array of the corresponding matches.
m = /(.)(.)(\d+)(\d)/.match("THX1138: The Movie") m.to_a #=> ["HX1138", "H", "X", "113", "8"] m.values_at(0, 2, -2) #=> ["HX1138", "X", "113"] m = /(?<a>\d+) *(?<op>[+\-*\/]) *(?<b>\d+)/.match("1 + 2") m.to_a #=> ["1 + 2", "1", "+", "2"] m.values_at(:a, :b, :op) #=> ["1", "2", "+"]
Sends a PATCH request to the path
and gets a response, as an HTTPResponse
object.
Sends a PROPPATCH request to the path
and gets a response, as an HTTPResponse
object.
Returns the element at offset index
.
With the single Integer argument index
, returns the element at offset index
:
a = [:foo, 'bar', 2] a.fetch(1) # => "bar"
If index
is negative, counts from the end of the array:
a = [:foo, 'bar', 2] a.fetch(-1) # => 2 a.fetch(-2) # => "bar"
With arguments index
and default_value
, returns the element at offset index
if index is in range, otherwise returns default_value
:
a = [:foo, 'bar', 2] a.fetch(1, nil) # => "bar"
With argument index
and a block, returns the element at offset index
if index is in range (and the block is not called); otherwise calls the block with index and returns its return value:
a = [:foo, 'bar', 2] a.fetch(1) {|index| raise 'Cannot happen' } # => "bar" a.fetch(50) {|index| "Value for #{index}" } # => "Value for 50"
Returns a hash of parsed elements.
Raise an ArgumentError
when the string length is longer than limit. You can stop this check by passing ‘limit: nil`, but note that it may take a long time to parse.
Creates a new Date
object by parsing from a string according to some typical XML Schema formats.
Date.xmlschema('2001-02-03') #=> #<Date: 2001-02-03 ...>
Raise an ArgumentError
when the string length is longer than limit. You can stop this check by passing ‘limit: nil`, but note that it may take a long time to parse.
This method is equivalent to strftime(‘%F’).
Creates a new DateTime
object by parsing from a string according to some typical XML Schema formats.
DateTime.xmlschema('2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...>
Raise an ArgumentError
when the string length is longer than limit. You can stop this check by passing ‘limit: nil`, but note that it may take a long time to parse.
This method is equivalent to strftime(‘%FT%T%:z’). The optional argument n
is the number of digits for fractional seconds.
DateTime.parse('2001-02-03T04:05:06.123456789+07:00').iso8601(9) #=> "2001-02-03T04:05:06.123456789+07:00"
Parses time
as a dateTime defined by the XML Schema and converts it to a Time
object. The format is a restricted version of the format defined by ISO 8601.
ArgumentError
is raised if time
is not compliant with the format or if the Time
class cannot represent the specified time.
See xmlschema
for more information on this format.
require 'time' Time.xmlschema("2011-10-05T22:26:12-04:00") #=> 2011-10-05 22:26:12-04:00
You must require ‘time’ to use this method.
Returns a string which represents the time as a dateTime defined by XML Schema:
CCYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ssTZD CCYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.sssTZD
where TZD is Z or [+-]hh:mm.
If self is a UTC time, Z is used as TZD. [+-]hh:mm is used otherwise.
fractional_digits
specifies a number of digits to use for fractional seconds. Its default value is 0.
require 'time' t = Time.now t.iso8601 # => "2011-10-05T22:26:12-04:00"
You must require ‘time’ to use this method.
Return a value from the database by locating the key string provided. If the key is not found, returns ifnone
. If ifnone
is not given, raises IndexError
.
Reads and returns a character in raw mode.
See IO#raw
for details on the parameters.
You must require ‘io/console’ to use this method.
Retrieves the value corresponding to key. If there is no value associated with key, default will be returned instead.
Scans one character and returns it. This method is multibyte character sensitive.
s = StringScanner.new("ab") s.getch # => "a" s.getch # => "b" s.getch # => nil s = StringScanner.new("\244\242".force_encoding("euc-jp")) s.getch # => "\x{A4A2}" # Japanese hira-kana "A" in EUC-JP s.getch # => nil
Returns the value for the given key
, if found.
h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2} h.fetch(:bar) # => 1
If key
is not found and no block was given, returns default_value
:
{}.fetch(:nosuch, :default) # => :default {}.fetch(:nosuch) # => nil
If key
is not found and a block was given, yields key
to the block and returns the block’s return value:
{}.fetch(:nosuch) {|key| "No key #{key}"} # => "No key nosuch"
Raises KeyError
if neither default_value
nor a block was given.
Note that this method does not use the values of either default
or default_proc
.
If name
is the name of an environment variable, returns its value:
ENV['foo'] = '0' ENV.fetch('foo') # => '0'
Otherwise if a block is given (but not a default value), yields name
to the block and returns the block’s return value:
ENV.fetch('foo') { |name| :need_not_return_a_string } # => :need_not_return_a_string
Otherwise if a default value is given (but not a block), returns the default value:
ENV.delete('foo') ENV.fetch('foo', :default_need_not_be_a_string) # => :default_need_not_be_a_string
If the environment variable does not exist and both default and block are given, issues a warning (“warning: block supersedes default value argument”), yields name
to the block, and returns the block’s return value:
ENV.fetch('foo', :default) { |name| :block_return } # => :block_return
Raises KeyError
if name
is valid, but not found, and neither default value nor block is given:
ENV.fetch('foo') # Raises KeyError (key not found: "foo")
Raises an exception if name
is invalid. See Invalid Names and Values.
This is a convenience method which is same as follows:
begin q = PrettyPrint.new(output, maxwidth, newline, &genspace) ... q.flush output end
This method is just like PStore#[]
, save that you may also provide a default value for the object. In the event the specified name is not found in the data store, your default will be returned instead. If you do not specify a default, PStore::Error
will be raised if the object is not found.
WARNING: This method is only valid in a PStore#transaction
. It will raise PStore::Error
if called at any other time.
Returns a fiber-local for the given key. If the key can’t be found, there are several options: With no other arguments, it will raise a KeyError
exception; if default is given, then that will be returned; if the optional code block is specified, then that will be run and its result returned. See Thread#[]
and Hash#fetch
.