Returns a new array by removing duplicate values in self.
If a block is given, it will use the return value of the block for comparison.
It compares values using their hash and eql? methods for efficiency.
self is traversed in order, and the first occurrence is kept.
a = [ "a", "a", "b", "b", "c" ] a.uniq # => ["a", "b", "c"] b = [["student","sam"], ["student","george"], ["teacher","matz"]] b.uniq {|s| s.first} # => [["student", "sam"], ["teacher", "matz"]]
Like Enumerable#uniq, but chains operation to be lazy-evaluated.
Like Enumerable#uniq, but chains operation to be lazy-evaluated.
UNIXServer represents a UNIX domain stream server socket.
UNIXSocket represents a UNIX domain stream client socket.
Ruby supports two forms of objectified methods. Class Method is used to represent methods that are associated with a particular object: these method objects are bound to that object. Bound method objects for an object can be created using Object#method.
Ruby also supports unbound methods; methods objects that are not associated with a particular object. These can be created either by calling Module#instance_method or by calling unbind on a bound method object. The result of both of these is an UnboundMethod object.
Unbound methods can only be called after they are bound to an object. That object must be a kind_of? the method’s original class.
class Square def area @side * @side end def initialize(side) @side = side end end area_un = Square.instance_method(:area) s = Square.new(12) area = area_un.bind(s) area.call #=> 144
Unbound methods are a reference to the method at the time it was objectified: subsequent changes to the underlying class will not affect the unbound method.
class Test def test :original end end um = Test.instance_method(:test) class Test def test :modified end end t = Test.new t.test #=> :modified um.bind(t).call #=> :original
define UnicodeNormalize module here so that we don’t have to look it up
C union shell
A C union wrapper
This exception is raised if the required unicode support is missing on the system. Usually this means that the iconv library is not installed.
Implements DRb over a UNIX socket
DRb UNIX socket URIs look like drbunix:<path>?<option>. The option is optional.
Raised when removing a gem with the uninstall command fails
An Uninstaller.
The uninstaller fires pre and post uninstall hooks. Hooks can be added either through a rubygems_plugin.rb file in an installed gem or via a rubygems/defaults/#{RUBY_ENGINE}.rb or rubygems/defaults/operating_system.rb file. See Gem.pre_uninstall and Gem.post_uninstall for details.
The class of the singleton object nil.
A generic error class raised when an invalid operation is attempted. Kernel#raise will raise a RuntimeError if no Exception class is specified.
raise "ouch"
raises the exception:
RuntimeError: ouch
Use the Monitor class when you want to have a lock object for blocks with mutual exclusion.
require 'monitor' lock = Monitor.new lock.synchronize do # exclusive access end
Raised when OLE processing failed.
EX:
obj = WIN32OLE.new("NonExistProgID")
raises the exception:
WIN32OLERuntimeError: unknown OLE server: `NonExistProgID'
HRESULT error code:0x800401f3
Invalid class string
Raised when a command was not found.
Raised when a command was not found.
Raised when throw is called with a tag which does not have corresponding catch block.
throw "foo", "bar"
raises the exception:
UncaughtThrowError: uncaught throw "foo"
The Warning module contains a single method named warn, and the module extends itself, making Warning.warn available. Warning.warn is called for all warnings issued by Ruby. By default, warnings are printed to $stderr.
By overriding Warning.warn, you can change how warnings are handled by Ruby, either filtering some warnings, and/or outputting warnings somewhere other than $stderr. When Warning.warn is overridden, super can be called to get the default behavior of printing the warning to $stderr.