This is a deprecated alias for each_codepoint.
Returns “ARGF”.
Synonym for $stdin.
Synonym for $stdout.
Start tracing
Tracer.on # code to trace here Tracer.off
You can also pass a block:
Tracer.on { # trace everything in this block }
Returns the IO used as stdout. Defaults to STDOUT
Sets the IO used as stdout. Defaults to STDOUT
Sets optional filename and line number that will be used in ERB code evaluation and error reporting. See also filename= and lineno=
erb = ERB.new('<%= some_x %>') erb.render # undefined local variable or method `some_x' # from (erb):1 erb.location = ['file.erb', 3] # All subsequent error reporting would use new location erb.render # undefined local variable or method `some_x' # from file.erb:4
Returns a network byte ordered string form of the IP address.
Returns a string containing a human-readable representation of the ipaddr. (“#<IPAddr: family:address/mask>”)
Creates a matrix where the diagonal elements are composed of values.
Matrix.diagonal(9, 5, -3)
=> 9 0 0
0 5 0
0 0 -3
Create a matrix by stacking matrices vertically
x = Matrix[[1, 2], [3, 4]] y = Matrix[[5, 6], [7, 8]] Matrix.vstack(x, y) # => Matrix[[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6], [7, 8]]
Create a matrix by stacking matrices horizontally
x = Matrix[[1, 2], [3, 4]] y = Matrix[[5, 6], [7, 8]] Matrix.hstack(x, y) # => Matrix[[1, 2, 5, 6], [3, 4, 7, 8]]
Create a matrix by combining matrices entrywise, using the given block
x = Matrix[[6, 6], [4, 4]] y = Matrix[[1, 2], [3, 4]] Matrix.combine(x, y) {|a, b| a - b} # => Matrix[[5, 4], [1, 0]]
Returns column vector number j of the matrix as a Vector (starting at 0 like an array). When a block is given, the elements of that vector are iterated.
Returns a matrix that is the result of iteration of the given block over all elements of the matrix. Elements can be restricted by passing an argument:
:all (default): yields all elements
:diagonal: yields only elements on the diagonal
:off_diagonal: yields all elements except on the diagonal
:lower: yields only elements on or below the diagonal
:strict_lower: yields only elements below the diagonal
:strict_upper: yields only elements above the diagonal
:upper: yields only elements on or above the diagonal Matrix[ [1,2], [3,4] ].collect { |e| e**2 }
=> 1 4 9 16
Invokes the given block for each element of matrix, replacing the element with the value returned by the block. Elements can be restricted by passing an argument:
:all (default): yields all elements
:diagonal: yields only elements on the diagonal
:off_diagonal: yields all elements except on the diagonal
:lower: yields only elements on or below the diagonal
:strict_lower: yields only elements below the diagonal
:strict_upper: yields only elements above the diagonal
:upper: yields only elements on or above the diagonal
Returns the (row, column) cofactor which is obtained by multiplying the first minor by (-1)**(row + column).
Matrix.diagonal(9, 5, -3, 4).cofactor(1, 1) => -108
Returns true if this is a diagonal matrix. Raises an error if matrix is not square.
Returns true if this is an orthogonal matrix Raises an error if matrix is not square.
Returns true if this is a permutation matrix Raises an error if matrix is not square.
Returns a new matrix resulting by stacking horizontally the receiver with the given matrices
x = Matrix[[1, 2], [3, 4]] y = Matrix[[5, 6], [7, 8]] x.hstack(y) # => Matrix[[1, 2, 5, 6], [3, 4, 7, 8]]