Destructive version of String#unicode_normalize
, doing Unicode normalization in place.
Checks whether str
is in Unicode normalization form form
, which is any of the four values :nfc, :nfd, :nfkc, or :nfkd. The default is :nfc.
If the string is not in a Unicode Encoding
, then an Exception
is raised. For details, see String#unicode_normalize
.
Examples
"a\u0300".unicode_normalized? #=> false "a\u0300".unicode_normalized?(:nfd) #=> true "\u00E0".unicode_normalized? #=> true "\u00E0".unicode_normalized?(:nfd) #=> false "\xE0".force_encoding('ISO-8859-1').unicode_normalized? #=> Encoding::CompatibilityError raised
Returns the socket path as a string.
Addrinfo.unix("/tmp/sock").unix_path #=> "/tmp/sock"
Adds a post-uninstall hook that will be passed a Gem::Uninstaller
instance and the spec that was uninstalled when Gem::Uninstaller#uninstall
is called
Adds a pre-uninstall hook that will be passed an Gem::Uninstaller
instance and the spec that will be uninstalled when Gem::Uninstaller#uninstall
is called
creates a UNIX server socket on path
If no block given, it returns a listening socket.
If a block is given, it is called with the socket and the block value is returned. When the block exits, the socket is closed and the socket file is removed.
socket = Socket.unix_server_socket("/tmp/s") p socket #=> #<Socket:fd 3> p socket.local_address #=> #<Addrinfo: /tmp/s SOCK_STREAM> Socket.unix_server_socket("/tmp/sock") {|s| p s #=> #<Socket:fd 3> p s.local_address #=> # #<Addrinfo: /tmp/sock SOCK_STREAM> }
creates a UNIX socket server on path. It calls the block for each socket accepted.
If host is specified, it is used with port to determine the server ports.
The socket is not closed when the block returns. So application should close it.
This method deletes the socket file pointed by path at first if the file is a socket file and it is owned by the user of the application. This is safe only if the directory of path is not changed by a malicious user. So don’t use /tmp/malicious-users-directory/socket. Note that /tmp/socket and /tmp/your-private-directory/socket is safe assuming that /tmp has sticky bit.
# Sequential echo server. # It services only one client at a time. Socket.unix_server_loop("/tmp/sock") {|sock, client_addrinfo| begin IO.copy_stream(sock, sock) ensure sock.close end }
Unpacks sockaddr into path.
sockaddr should be a string or an addrinfo for AF_UNIX
.
sockaddr = Socket.sockaddr_un("/tmp/sock") p Socket.unpack_sockaddr_un(sockaddr) #=> "/tmp/sock"
The block passed to this method will be called just before running the RDoc
generator. It is allowed to modify RDoc::Task
attributes inside the block.
Creates a new Socket::AncillaryData
object which contains file descriptors as data.
p Socket::AncillaryData.unix_rights(STDERR) #=> #<Socket::AncillaryData: UNIX SOCKET RIGHTS 2>
returns the array of IO
objects for SCM_RIGHTS control message in UNIX domain socket.
The class of the IO
objects in the array is IO
or Socket
.
The array is attached to ancillarydata when it is instantiated. For example, BasicSocket#recvmsg
attach the array when receives a SCM_RIGHTS control message and :scm_rights=>true option is given.
# recvmsg needs :scm_rights=>true for unix_rights s1, s2 = UNIXSocket.pair p s1 #=> #<UNIXSocket:fd 3> s1.sendmsg "stdin and a socket", 0, nil, Socket::AncillaryData.unix_rights(STDIN, s1) _, _, _, ctl = s2.recvmsg(:scm_rights=>true) p ctl #=> #<Socket::AncillaryData: UNIX SOCKET RIGHTS 6 7> p ctl.unix_rights #=> [#<IO:fd 6>, #<Socket:fd 7>] p File.identical?(STDIN, ctl.unix_rights[0]) #=> true p File.identical?(s1, ctl.unix_rights[1]) #=> true # If :scm_rights=>true is not given, unix_rights returns nil s1, s2 = UNIXSocket.pair s1.sendmsg "stdin and a socket", 0, nil, Socket::AncillaryData.unix_rights(STDIN, s1) _, _, _, ctl = s2.recvmsg p ctl #=> #<Socket::AncillaryData: UNIX SOCKET RIGHTS 6 7> p ctl.unix_rights #=> nil
Uninstalls the Gem::Specification
spec
Uninstalls gem spec
Prepends objects to the front of self
, moving other elements upwards. See also Array#shift
for the opposite effect.
a = [ "b", "c", "d" ] a.unshift("a") #=> ["a", "b", "c", "d"] a.unshift(1, 2) #=> [ 1, 2, "a", "b", "c", "d"]
Returns the number of elements.
If an argument is given, counts the number of elements which equal obj
using ==
.
If a block is given, counts the number of elements for which the block returns a true value.
ary = [1, 2, 4, 2] ary.count #=> 4 ary.count(2) #=> 2 ary.count { |x| x%2 == 0 } #=> 3
mathn serves to make mathematical operations more precise in Ruby and to integrate other mathematical standard libraries.
Without mathn:
3 / 2 => 1 # Integer
With mathn:
3 / 2 => 3/2 # Rational
mathn keeps value in exact terms.
Without mathn:
20 / 9 * 3 * 14 / 7 * 3 / 2 # => 18
With mathn:
20 / 9 * 3 * 14 / 7 * 3 / 2 # => 20
When you require ‘mathn’, the libraries for Prime
, CMath
, Matrix
and Vector
are also loaded.
Author: Keiju ISHITSUKA (SHL Japan Inc.)
Deprecated method that is equivalent to taint
.
Deprecated method that is equivalent to tainted?
.