DateTime
A subclass of Date that easily handles date, hour, minute, second, and offset.
DateTime class is considered deprecated. Use Time class.
DateTime does not consider any leap seconds, does not track any summer time rules.
A DateTime object is created with DateTime::new, DateTime::jd, DateTime::ordinal, DateTime::commercial, DateTime::parse, DateTime::strptime, DateTime::now, Time#to_datetime, etc.
require 'date' DateTime.new(2001,2,3,4,5,6) #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+00:00 ...>
The last element of day, hour, minute, or second can be a fractional number. The fractional number’s precision is assumed at most nanosecond.
DateTime.new(2001,2,3.5) #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T12:00:00+00:00 ...>
An optional argument, the offset, indicates the difference between the local time and UTC. For example, Rational(3,24) represents ahead of 3 hours of UTC, Rational(-5,24) represents behind of 5 hours of UTC. The offset should be -1 to +1, and its precision is assumed at most second. The default value is zero (equals to UTC).
DateTime.new(2001,2,3,4,5,6,Rational(3,24)) #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+03:00 ...>
The offset also accepts string form:
DateTime.new(2001,2,3,4,5,6,'+03:00') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+03:00 ...>
An optional argument, the day of calendar reform (start), denotes a Julian day number, which should be 2298874 to 2426355 or negative/positive infinity. The default value is Date::ITALY (2299161=1582-10-15).
A DateTime object has various methods. See each reference.
d = DateTime.parse('3rd Feb 2001 04:05:06+03:30') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+03:30 ...> d.hour #=> 4 d.min #=> 5 d.sec #=> 6 d.offset #=> (7/48) d.zone #=> "+03:30" d += Rational('1.5') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-04%16:05:06+03:30 ...> d = d.new_offset('+09:00') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-04%21:35:06+09:00 ...> d.strftime('%I:%M:%S %p') #=> "09:35:06 PM" d > DateTime.new(1999) #=> true
When should you use DateTime and when should you use Time?
It’s a common misconception that William Shakespeare and Miguel de Cervantes died on the same day in history - so much so that UNESCO named April 23 as World Book Day because of this fact. However, because England hadn’t yet adopted the Gregorian Calendar Reform (and wouldn’t until 1752) their deaths are actually 10 days apart. Since Ruby’s Time class implements a proleptic Gregorian calendar and has no concept of calendar reform there’s no way to express this with Time objects. This is where DateTime steps in:
shakespeare = DateTime.iso8601('1616-04-23', Date::ENGLAND) #=> Tue, 23 Apr 1616 00:00:00 +0000 cervantes = DateTime.iso8601('1616-04-23', Date::ITALY) #=> Sat, 23 Apr 1616 00:00:00 +0000
Already you can see something is weird - the days of the week are different. Taking this further:
cervantes == shakespeare #=> false (shakespeare - cervantes).to_i #=> 10
This shows that in fact they died 10 days apart (in reality 11 days since Cervantes died a day earlier but was buried on the 23rd). We can see the actual date of Shakespeare’s death by using the gregorian method to convert it:
shakespeare.gregorian #=> Tue, 03 May 1616 00:00:00 +0000
So there’s an argument that all the celebrations that take place on the 23rd April in Stratford-upon-Avon are actually the wrong date since England is now using the Gregorian calendar. You can see why when we transition across the reform date boundary:
# start off with the anniversary of Shakespeare's birth in 1751 shakespeare = DateTime.iso8601('1751-04-23', Date::ENGLAND) #=> Tue, 23 Apr 1751 00:00:00 +0000 # add 366 days since 1752 is a leap year and April 23 is after February 29 shakespeare + 366 #=> Thu, 23 Apr 1752 00:00:00 +0000 # add another 365 days to take us to the anniversary in 1753 shakespeare + 366 + 365 #=> Fri, 04 May 1753 00:00:00 +0000
As you can see, if we’re accurately tracking the number of solar years since Shakespeare’s birthday then the correct anniversary date would be the 4th May and not the 23rd April.
So when should you use DateTime in Ruby and when should you use Time? Almost certainly you’ll want to use Time since your app is probably dealing with current dates and times. However, if you need to deal with dates and times in a historical context you’ll want to use DateTime to avoid making the same mistakes as UNESCO. If you also have to deal with timezones then best of luck - just bear in mind that you’ll probably be dealing with local solar times, since it wasn’t until the 19th century that the introduction of the railways necessitated the need for Standard Time and eventually timezones.
static VALUE
datetime_s__strptime(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
return date_s__strptime_internal(argc, argv, klass, "%FT%T%z");
}
Parses the given representation of date and time with the given template, and returns a hash of parsed elements. _strptime does not support specification of flags and width unlike strftime.
See also strptime(3) and strftime.
static VALUE
datetime_s_civil(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
return datetime_initialize(argc, argv, d_lite_s_alloc_complex(klass));
}
Same as DateTime.new.
static VALUE
datetime_s_commercial(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
VALUE vy, vw, vd, vh, vmin, vs, vof, vsg, y, fr, fr2, ret;
int w, d, h, min, s, rof;
double sg;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "08", &vy, &vw, &vd, &vh, &vmin, &vs, &vof, &vsg);
y = INT2FIX(-4712);
w = 1;
d = 1;
h = min = s = 0;
fr2 = INT2FIX(0);
rof = 0;
sg = DEFAULT_SG;
switch (argc) {
case 8:
val2sg(vsg, sg);
case 7:
val2off(vof, rof);
case 6:
check_numeric(vs, "second");
num2int_with_frac(s, positive_inf);
case 5:
check_numeric(vmin, "minute");
num2int_with_frac(min, 5);
case 4:
check_numeric(vh, "hour");
num2int_with_frac(h, 4);
case 3:
check_numeric(vd, "cwday");
num2int_with_frac(d, 3);
case 2:
check_numeric(vw, "cweek");
w = NUM2INT(vw);
case 1:
check_numeric(vy, "year");
y = vy;
}
{
VALUE nth;
int ry, rw, rd, rh, rmin, rs, rjd, rjd2, ns;
if (!valid_commercial_p(y, w, d, sg,
&nth, &ry,
&rw, &rd, &rjd,
&ns))
rb_raise(eDateError, "invalid date");
if (!c_valid_time_p(h, min, s, &rh, &rmin, &rs))
rb_raise(eDateError, "invalid date");
canon24oc();
rjd2 = jd_local_to_utc(rjd,
time_to_df(rh, rmin, rs),
rof);
ret = d_complex_new_internal(klass,
nth, rjd2,
0, INT2FIX(0),
rof, sg,
0, 0, 0,
rh, rmin, rs,
HAVE_JD | HAVE_TIME);
}
add_frac();
return ret;
}
Creates a DateTime object denoting the given week date.
DateTime.commercial(2001) #=> #<DateTime: 2001-01-01T00:00:00+00:00 ...> DateTime.commercial(2002) #=> #<DateTime: 2001-12-31T00:00:00+00:00 ...> DateTime.commercial(2001,5,6,4,5,6,'+7') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...>
static VALUE
datetime_s_httpdate(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
VALUE str, sg, opt;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02:", &str, &sg, &opt);
if (!NIL_P(opt)) argc--;
switch (argc) {
case 0:
str = rb_str_new2("Mon, 01 Jan -4712 00:00:00 GMT");
case 1:
sg = INT2FIX(DEFAULT_SG);
}
{
int argc2 = 1;
VALUE argv2[2], hash;
argv2[0] = str;
argv2[1] = opt;
if (!NIL_P(opt)) argc2++;
hash = date_s__httpdate(argc2, argv2, klass);
return dt_new_by_frags(klass, hash, sg);
}
}
Creates a new DateTime object by parsing from a string according to some RFC 2616 format.
DateTime.httpdate('Sat, 03 Feb 2001 04:05:06 GMT') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+00:00 ...>
Raise an ArgumentError when the string length is longer than limit. You can stop this check by passing limit: nil, but note that it may take a long time to parse.
static VALUE
datetime_s_iso8601(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
VALUE str, sg, opt;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02:", &str, &sg, &opt);
if (!NIL_P(opt)) argc--;
switch (argc) {
case 0:
str = rb_str_new2("-4712-01-01T00:00:00+00:00");
case 1:
sg = INT2FIX(DEFAULT_SG);
}
{
int argc2 = 1;
VALUE argv2[2], hash;
argv2[0] = str;
argv2[1] = opt;
if (!NIL_P(opt)) argc2--;
hash = date_s__iso8601(argc2, argv2, klass);
return dt_new_by_frags(klass, hash, sg);
}
}
Creates a new DateTime object by parsing from a string according to some typical ISO 8601 formats.
DateTime.iso8601('2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...> DateTime.iso8601('20010203T040506+0700') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...> DateTime.iso8601('2001-W05-6T04:05:06+07:00') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...>
Raise an ArgumentError when the string length is longer than limit. You can stop this check by passing limit: nil, but note that it may take a long time to parse.
static VALUE
datetime_s_jd(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
VALUE vjd, vh, vmin, vs, vof, vsg, jd, fr, fr2, ret;
int h, min, s, rof;
double sg;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "06", &vjd, &vh, &vmin, &vs, &vof, &vsg);
jd = INT2FIX(0);
h = min = s = 0;
fr2 = INT2FIX(0);
rof = 0;
sg = DEFAULT_SG;
switch (argc) {
case 6:
val2sg(vsg, sg);
case 5:
val2off(vof, rof);
case 4:
check_numeric(vs, "second");
num2int_with_frac(s, positive_inf);
case 3:
check_numeric(vmin, "minute");
num2int_with_frac(min, 3);
case 2:
check_numeric(vh, "hour");
num2int_with_frac(h, 2);
case 1:
check_numeric(vjd, "jd");
num2num_with_frac(jd, 1);
}
{
VALUE nth;
int rh, rmin, rs, rjd, rjd2;
if (!c_valid_time_p(h, min, s, &rh, &rmin, &rs))
rb_raise(eDateError, "invalid date");
canon24oc();
decode_jd(jd, &nth, &rjd);
rjd2 = jd_local_to_utc(rjd,
time_to_df(rh, rmin, rs),
rof);
ret = d_complex_new_internal(klass,
nth, rjd2,
0, INT2FIX(0),
rof, sg,
0, 0, 0,
rh, rmin, rs,
HAVE_JD | HAVE_TIME);
}
add_frac();
return ret;
}
Creates a DateTime object denoting the given chronological Julian day number.
DateTime.jd(2451944) #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T00:00:00+00:00 ...> DateTime.jd(2451945) #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-04T00:00:00+00:00 ...> DateTime.jd(Rational('0.5')) #=> #<DateTime: -4712-01-01T12:00:00+00:00 ...>
static VALUE
datetime_s_jisx0301(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
VALUE str, sg, opt;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02:", &str, &sg, &opt);
if (!NIL_P(opt)) argc--;
switch (argc) {
case 0:
str = rb_str_new2("-4712-01-01T00:00:00+00:00");
case 1:
sg = INT2FIX(DEFAULT_SG);
}
{
int argc2 = 1;
VALUE argv2[2], hash;
argv2[0] = str;
argv2[1] = opt;
if (!NIL_P(opt)) argc2++;
hash = date_s__jisx0301(argc2, argv2, klass);
return dt_new_by_frags(klass, hash, sg);
}
}
Creates a new DateTime object by parsing from a string according to some typical JIS X 0301 formats.
DateTime.jisx0301('H13.02.03T04:05:06+07:00') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...>
For no-era year, legacy format, Heisei is assumed.
DateTime.jisx0301('13.02.03T04:05:06+07:00') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...>
Raise an ArgumentError when the string length is longer than limit. You can stop this check by passing limit: nil, but note that it may take a long time to parse.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.3.0/ext/json/lib/json/add/date_time.rb, line 10
def self.json_create(object)
args = object.values_at('y', 'm', 'd', 'H', 'M', 'S')
of_a, of_b = object['of'].split('/')
if of_b and of_b != '0'
args << Rational(of_a.to_i, of_b.to_i)
else
args << of_a
end
args << object['sg']
civil(*args)
end
See as_json.
static VALUE
datetime_s_civil(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
return datetime_initialize(argc, argv, d_lite_s_alloc_complex(klass));
}
Same as DateTime.new.
static VALUE
datetime_s_now(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
VALUE vsg, nth, ret;
double sg;
#ifdef HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME
struct timespec ts;
#else
struct timeval tv;
#endif
time_t sec;
struct tm tm;
long sf, of;
int y, ry, m, d, h, min, s;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &vsg);
if (argc < 1)
sg = DEFAULT_SG;
else
sg = NUM2DBL(vsg);
#ifdef HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME
if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts) == -1)
rb_sys_fail("clock_gettime");
sec = ts.tv_sec;
#else
if (gettimeofday(&tv, NULL) == -1)
rb_sys_fail("gettimeofday");
sec = tv.tv_sec;
#endif
tzset();
if (!localtime_r(&sec, &tm))
rb_sys_fail("localtime");
y = tm.tm_year + 1900;
m = tm.tm_mon + 1;
d = tm.tm_mday;
h = tm.tm_hour;
min = tm.tm_min;
s = tm.tm_sec;
if (s == 60)
s = 59;
#ifdef HAVE_STRUCT_TM_TM_GMTOFF
of = tm.tm_gmtoff;
#elif defined(HAVE_TIMEZONE)
#if defined(HAVE_ALTZONE) && !defined(_AIX)
of = (long)-((tm.tm_isdst > 0) ? altzone : timezone);
#else
of = (long)-timezone;
if (tm.tm_isdst) {
time_t sec2;
tm.tm_isdst = 0;
sec2 = mktime(&tm);
of += (long)difftime(sec2, sec);
}
#endif
#elif defined(HAVE_TIMEGM)
{
time_t sec2;
sec2 = timegm(&tm);
of = (long)difftime(sec2, sec);
}
#else
{
struct tm tm2;
time_t sec2;
if (!gmtime_r(&sec, &tm2))
rb_sys_fail("gmtime");
tm2.tm_isdst = tm.tm_isdst;
sec2 = mktime(&tm2);
of = (long)difftime(sec, sec2);
}
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME
sf = ts.tv_nsec;
#else
sf = tv.tv_usec * 1000;
#endif
if (of < -DAY_IN_SECONDS || of > DAY_IN_SECONDS) {
of = 0;
rb_warning("invalid offset is ignored");
}
decode_year(INT2FIX(y), -1, &nth, &ry);
ret = d_complex_new_internal(klass,
nth, 0,
0, LONG2NUM(sf),
(int)of, GREGORIAN,
ry, m, d,
h, min, s,
HAVE_CIVIL | HAVE_TIME);
{
get_d1(ret);
set_sg(dat, sg);
}
return ret;
}
Creates a DateTime object denoting the present time.
DateTime.now #=> #<DateTime: 2011-06-11T21:20:44+09:00 ...>
static VALUE
datetime_s_ordinal(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
VALUE vy, vd, vh, vmin, vs, vof, vsg, y, fr, fr2, ret;
int d, h, min, s, rof;
double sg;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "07", &vy, &vd, &vh, &vmin, &vs, &vof, &vsg);
y = INT2FIX(-4712);
d = 1;
h = min = s = 0;
fr2 = INT2FIX(0);
rof = 0;
sg = DEFAULT_SG;
switch (argc) {
case 7:
val2sg(vsg, sg);
case 6:
val2off(vof, rof);
case 5:
check_numeric(vs, "second");
num2int_with_frac(s, positive_inf);
case 4:
check_numeric(vmin, "minute");
num2int_with_frac(min, 4);
case 3:
check_numeric(vh, "hour");
num2int_with_frac(h, 3);
case 2:
check_numeric(vd, "yday");
num2int_with_frac(d, 2);
case 1:
check_numeric(vy, "year");
y = vy;
}
{
VALUE nth;
int ry, rd, rh, rmin, rs, rjd, rjd2, ns;
if (!valid_ordinal_p(y, d, sg,
&nth, &ry,
&rd, &rjd,
&ns))
rb_raise(eDateError, "invalid date");
if (!c_valid_time_p(h, min, s, &rh, &rmin, &rs))
rb_raise(eDateError, "invalid date");
canon24oc();
rjd2 = jd_local_to_utc(rjd,
time_to_df(rh, rmin, rs),
rof);
ret = d_complex_new_internal(klass,
nth, rjd2,
0, INT2FIX(0),
rof, sg,
0, 0, 0,
rh, rmin, rs,
HAVE_JD | HAVE_TIME);
}
add_frac();
return ret;
}
Creates a DateTime object denoting the given ordinal date.
DateTime.ordinal(2001,34) #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T00:00:00+00:00 ...> DateTime.ordinal(2001,34,4,5,6,'+7') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...> DateTime.ordinal(2001,-332,-20,-55,-54,'+7') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...>
static VALUE
datetime_s_parse(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
VALUE str, comp, sg, opt;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "03:", &str, &comp, &sg, &opt);
if (!NIL_P(opt)) argc--;
switch (argc) {
case 0:
str = rb_str_new2("-4712-01-01T00:00:00+00:00");
case 1:
comp = Qtrue;
case 2:
sg = INT2FIX(DEFAULT_SG);
}
{
int argc2 = 2;
VALUE argv2[3], hash;
argv2[0] = str;
argv2[1] = comp;
argv2[2] = opt;
if (!NIL_P(opt)) argc2++;
hash = date_s__parse(argc2, argv2, klass);
return dt_new_by_frags(klass, hash, sg);
}
}
Parses the given representation of date and time, and creates a DateTime object.
This method does not function as a validator. If the input string does not match valid formats strictly, you may get a cryptic result. Should consider to use DateTime.strptime instead of this method as possible.
If the optional second argument is true and the detected year is in the range “00” to “99”, makes it full.
DateTime.parse('2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...> DateTime.parse('20010203T040506+0700') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...> DateTime.parse('3rd Feb 2001 04:05:06 PM') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T16:05:06+00:00 ...>
Raise an ArgumentError when the string length is longer than limit. You can stop this check by passing limit: nil, but note that it may take a long time to parse.
static VALUE
datetime_s_rfc2822(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
VALUE str, sg, opt;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02:", &str, &sg, &opt);
if (!NIL_P(opt)) argc--;
switch (argc) {
case 0:
str = rb_str_new2("Mon, 1 Jan -4712 00:00:00 +0000");
case 1:
sg = INT2FIX(DEFAULT_SG);
}
{
int argc2 = 1;
VALUE argv2[2], hash;
argv2[0] = str;
argv2[1] = opt;
if (!NIL_P(opt)) argc2++;
hash = date_s__rfc2822(argc2, argv2, klass);
return dt_new_by_frags(klass, hash, sg);
}
}
Creates a new DateTime object by parsing from a string according to some typical RFC 2822 formats.
DateTime.rfc2822('Sat, 3 Feb 2001 04:05:06 +0700') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...>
Raise an ArgumentError when the string length is longer than limit. You can stop this check by passing limit: nil, but note that it may take a long time to parse.
static VALUE
datetime_s_rfc3339(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
VALUE str, sg, opt;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02:", &str, &sg, &opt);
if (!NIL_P(opt)) argc--;
switch (argc) {
case 0:
str = rb_str_new2("-4712-01-01T00:00:00+00:00");
case 1:
sg = INT2FIX(DEFAULT_SG);
}
{
int argc2 = 1;
VALUE argv2[2], hash;
argv2[0] = str;
argv2[1] = opt;
if (!NIL_P(opt)) argc2++;
hash = date_s__rfc3339(argc2, argv2, klass);
return dt_new_by_frags(klass, hash, sg);
}
}
Creates a new DateTime object by parsing from a string according to some typical RFC 3339 formats.
DateTime.rfc3339('2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...>
Raise an ArgumentError when the string length is longer than limit. You can stop this check by passing limit: nil, but note that it may take a long time to parse.
static VALUE
datetime_s_rfc2822(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
VALUE str, sg, opt;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02:", &str, &sg, &opt);
if (!NIL_P(opt)) argc--;
switch (argc) {
case 0:
str = rb_str_new2("Mon, 1 Jan -4712 00:00:00 +0000");
case 1:
sg = INT2FIX(DEFAULT_SG);
}
{
int argc2 = 1;
VALUE argv2[2], hash;
argv2[0] = str;
argv2[1] = opt;
if (!NIL_P(opt)) argc2++;
hash = date_s__rfc2822(argc2, argv2, klass);
return dt_new_by_frags(klass, hash, sg);
}
}
Creates a new DateTime object by parsing from a string according to some typical RFC 2822 formats.
DateTime.rfc2822('Sat, 3 Feb 2001 04:05:06 +0700') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...>
Raise an ArgumentError when the string length is longer than limit. You can stop this check by passing limit: nil, but note that it may take a long time to parse.
static VALUE
datetime_s_strptime(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
VALUE str, fmt, sg;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "03", &str, &fmt, &sg);
switch (argc) {
case 0:
str = rb_str_new2("-4712-01-01T00:00:00+00:00");
case 1:
fmt = rb_str_new2("%FT%T%z");
case 2:
sg = INT2FIX(DEFAULT_SG);
}
{
VALUE argv2[2], hash;
argv2[0] = str;
argv2[1] = fmt;
hash = date_s__strptime(2, argv2, klass);
return dt_new_by_frags(klass, hash, sg);
}
}
Parses the given representation of date and time with the given template, and creates a DateTime object. strptime does not support specification of flags and width unlike strftime.
DateTime.strptime('2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00', '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...> DateTime.strptime('03-02-2001 04:05:06 PM', '%d-%m-%Y %I:%M:%S %p') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T16:05:06+00:00 ...> DateTime.strptime('2001-W05-6T04:05:06+07:00', '%G-W%V-%uT%H:%M:%S%z') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...> DateTime.strptime('2001 04 6 04 05 06 +7', '%Y %U %w %H %M %S %z') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...> DateTime.strptime('2001 05 6 04 05 06 +7', '%Y %W %u %H %M %S %z') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...> DateTime.strptime('-1', '%s') #=> #<DateTime: 1969-12-31T23:59:59+00:00 ...> DateTime.strptime('-1000', '%Q') #=> #<DateTime: 1969-12-31T23:59:59+00:00 ...> DateTime.strptime('sat3feb014pm+7', '%a%d%b%y%H%p%z') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T16:00:00+07:00 ...>
See also strptime(3) and strftime.
static VALUE
datetime_s_xmlschema(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE klass)
{
VALUE str, sg, opt;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "02:", &str, &sg, &opt);
if (!NIL_P(opt)) argc--;
switch (argc) {
case 0:
str = rb_str_new2("-4712-01-01T00:00:00+00:00");
case 1:
sg = INT2FIX(DEFAULT_SG);
}
{
int argc2 = 1;
VALUE argv2[2], hash;
argv2[0] = str;
argv2[1] = opt;
if (!NIL_P(opt)) argc2++;
hash = date_s__xmlschema(argc2, argv2, klass);
return dt_new_by_frags(klass, hash, sg);
}
}
Creates a new DateTime object by parsing from a string according to some typical XML Schema formats.
DateTime.xmlschema('2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06+07:00 ...>
Raise an ArgumentError when the string length is longer than limit. You can stop this check by passing limit: nil, but note that it may take a long time to parse.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.3.0/ext/json/lib/json/add/date_time.rb, line 39
def as_json(*)
{
JSON.create_id => self.class.name,
'y' => year,
'm' => month,
'd' => day,
'H' => hour,
'M' => min,
'S' => sec,
'of' => offset.to_s,
'sg' => start,
}
end
Methods DateTime#as_json and DateTime.json_create may be used to serialize and deserialize a DateTime object; see Marshal.
Method DateTime#as_json serializes self, returning a 2-element hash representing self:
require 'json/add/datetime' x = DateTime.now.as_json # => {"json_class"=>"DateTime", "y"=>2023, "m"=>11, "d"=>21, "sg"=>2299161.0}
Method JSON.create deserializes such a hash, returning a DateTime object:
DateTime.json_create(x) # BUG? Raises Date::Error "invalid date"
static VALUE
dt_lite_deconstruct_keys(VALUE self, VALUE keys)
{
return deconstruct_keys(self, keys, /* is_datetime=true */ 1);
}
Returns a hash of the name/value pairs, to use in pattern matching. Possible keys are: :year, :month, :day, :wday, :yday, :hour, :min, :sec, :sec_fraction, :zone.
Possible usages:
dt = DateTime.new(2022, 10, 5, 13, 30) if d in wday: 1..5, hour: 10..18 # uses deconstruct_keys underneath puts "Working time" end #=> prints "Working time" case dt in year: ...2022 puts "too old" in month: ..9 puts "quarter 1-3" in wday: 1..5, month: puts "working day in month #{month}" end #=> prints "working day in month 10"
Note that deconstruction by pattern can also be combined with class check:
if d in DateTime(wday: 1..5, hour: 10..18, day: ..7) puts "Working time, first week of the month" end
static VALUE
d_lite_hour(VALUE self)
{
get_d1(self);
return INT2FIX(m_hour(dat));
}
Returns the hour in range (0..23):
DateTime.new(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6).hour # => 4
static VALUE
dt_lite_iso8601(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
long n = 0;
rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1);
if (argc >= 1)
n = NUM2LONG(argv[0]);
return rb_str_append(strftimev("%Y-%m-%d", self, set_tmx),
iso8601_timediv(self, n));
}
This method is equivalent to strftime(‘%FT%T%:z’). The optional argument n is the number of digits for fractional seconds.
DateTime.parse('2001-02-03T04:05:06.123456789+07:00').iso8601(9) #=> "2001-02-03T04:05:06.123456789+07:00"
static VALUE
dt_lite_jisx0301(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
long n = 0;
rb_check_arity(argc, 0, 1);
if (argc >= 1)
n = NUM2LONG(argv[0]);
return rb_str_append(d_lite_jisx0301(self),
iso8601_timediv(self, n));
}
Returns a string in a JIS X 0301 format. The optional argument n is the number of digits for fractional seconds.
DateTime.parse('2001-02-03T04:05:06.123456789+07:00').jisx0301(9) #=> "H13.02.03T04:05:06.123456789+07:00"
static VALUE
d_lite_min(VALUE self)
{
get_d1(self);
return INT2FIX(m_min(dat));
}
Returns the minute in range (0..59):
DateTime.new(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6).min # => 5
static VALUE
d_lite_new_offset(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
VALUE vof;
int rof;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "01", &vof);
rof = 0;
if (argc >= 1)
val2off(vof, rof);
return dup_obj_with_new_offset(self, rof);
}
Duplicates self and resets its offset.
d = DateTime.new(2001,2,3,4,5,6,'-02:00') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T04:05:06-02:00 ...> d.new_offset('+09:00') #=> #<DateTime: 2001-02-03T15:05:06+09:00 ...>
static VALUE
d_lite_offset(VALUE self)
{
get_d1(self);
return m_of_in_day(dat);
}
Returns the offset.
DateTime.parse('04pm+0730').offset #=> (5/16)
static VALUE
dt_lite_rfc3339(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
return dt_lite_iso8601(argc, argv, self);
}
This method is equivalent to strftime(‘%FT%T%:z’). The optional argument n is the number of digits for fractional seconds.
DateTime.parse('2001-02-03T04:05:06.123456789+07:00').rfc3339(9) #=> "2001-02-03T04:05:06.123456789+07:00"
static VALUE
d_lite_sec(VALUE self)
{
get_d1(self);
return INT2FIX(m_sec(dat));
}
Returns the second in range (0..59):
DateTime.new(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6).sec # => 6
static VALUE
d_lite_sec_fraction(VALUE self)
{
get_d1(self);
return m_sf_in_sec(dat);
}
Returns the fractional part of the second in range (Rational(0, 1)…Rational(1, 1)):
DateTime.new(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.5).sec_fraction # => (1/2)
static VALUE
dt_lite_strftime(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
{
return date_strftime_internal(argc, argv, self,
"%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%:z", set_tmx);
}
Returns a string representation of self, formatted according the given +format:
DateTime.now.strftime # => "2022-07-01T11:03:19-05:00"
For other formats, see Formats for Dates and Times:
static VALUE
datetime_to_date(VALUE self)
{
get_d1a(self);
if (simple_dat_p(adat)) {
VALUE new = d_lite_s_alloc_simple(cDate);
{
get_d1b(new);
bdat->s = adat->s;
bdat->s.jd = m_local_jd(adat);
return new;
}
}
else {
VALUE new = d_lite_s_alloc_simple(cDate);
{
get_d1b(new);
copy_complex_to_simple(new, &bdat->s, &adat->c);
bdat->s.jd = m_local_jd(adat);
bdat->s.flags &= ~(HAVE_DF | HAVE_TIME | COMPLEX_DAT);
return new;
}
}
}
Returns a Date object which denotes self.
static VALUE
datetime_to_datetime(VALUE self)
{
return self;
}
Returns self.
# File tmp/rubies/ruby-3.3.0/ext/json/lib/json/add/date_time.rb, line 62
def to_json(*args)
as_json.to_json(*args)
end
Returns a JSON string representing self:
require 'json/add/datetime' puts DateTime.now.to_json
Output:
{"json_class":"DateTime","y":2023,"m":11,"d":21,"sg":2299161.0}
static VALUE
dt_lite_to_s(VALUE self)
{
return strftimev("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%:z", self, set_tmx);
}
Returns a string in an ISO 8601 format. (This method doesn’t use the expanded representations.)
DateTime.new(2001,2,3,4,5,6,'-7').to_s #=> "2001-02-03T04:05:06-07:00"
static VALUE
datetime_to_time(VALUE self)
{
get_d1(self);
if (m_julian_p(dat)) {
self = d_lite_gregorian(self);
get_d1a(self);
dat = adat;
}
{
VALUE t;
t = rb_funcall(rb_cTime,
rb_intern("new"),
7,
m_real_year(dat),
INT2FIX(m_mon(dat)),
INT2FIX(m_mday(dat)),
INT2FIX(m_hour(dat)),
INT2FIX(m_min(dat)),
f_add(INT2FIX(m_sec(dat)),
m_sf_in_sec(dat)),
INT2FIX(m_of(dat)));
return t;
}
}
Returns a Time object which denotes self.
static VALUE
d_lite_zone(VALUE self)
{
get_d1(self);
return m_zone(dat);
}
Returns the timezone.
DateTime.parse('04pm+0730').zone #=> "+07:30"