Results for: "String# "

Search the encoding with specified name. name should be a string.

Encoding.find("US-ASCII")  #=> #<Encoding:US-ASCII>

Names which this method accept are encoding names and aliases including following special aliases

“external”

default external encoding

“internal”

default internal encoding

“locale”

locale encoding

“filesystem”

filesystem encoding

An ArgumentError is raised when no encoding with name. Only Encoding.find("internal") however returns nil when no encoding named “internal”, in other words, when Ruby has no default internal encoding.

Rewinds the enumeration sequence to the beginning.

If the enclosed object responds to a “rewind” method, it is called.

Creates a printable version of e.

Returns a Digest subclass by name in a thread-safe manner even when on-demand loading is involved.

require 'digest'

Digest("MD5")
# => Digest::MD5

Digest(:SHA256)
# => Digest::SHA256

Digest(:Foo)
# => LoadError: library not found for class Digest::Foo -- digest/foo

Returns a string containing a human-readable representation of obj. The default inspect shows the object’s class name, an encoding of its memory address, and a list of the instance variables and their values (by calling inspect on each of them). User defined classes should override this method to provide a better representation of obj. When overriding this method, it should return a string whose encoding is compatible with the default external encoding.

[ 1, 2, 3..4, 'five' ].inspect   #=> "[1, 2, 3..4, \"five\"]"
Time.new.inspect                 #=> "2008-03-08 19:43:39 +0900"

class Foo
end
Foo.new.inspect                  #=> "#<Foo:0x0300c868>"

class Bar
  def initialize
    @bar = 1
  end
end
Bar.new.inspect                  #=> "#<Bar:0x0300c868 @bar=1>"

Returns a string representation of self:

x = RuntimeError.new('Boom')
x.inspect # => "#<RuntimeError: Boom>"
x = RuntimeError.new
x.inspect # => "#<RuntimeError: RuntimeError>"

Returns the backtrace (the list of code locations that led to the exception), as an array of strings.

Example (assuming the code is stored in the file named t.rb):

def division(numerator, denominator)
  numerator / denominator
end

begin
  division(1, 0)
rescue => ex
  p ex.backtrace
  # ["t.rb:2:in 'Integer#/'", "t.rb:2:in 'Object#division'", "t.rb:6:in '<main>'"]
  loc = ex.backtrace.first
  p loc.class
  # String
end

The value returned by this method migth be adjusted when raising (see Kernel#raise), or during intermediate handling by set_backtrace.

See also backtrace_locations that provide the same value, as structured objects. (Note though that two values might not be consistent with each other when backtraces are manually adjusted.)

see Backtraces.

Return the status value associated with this system exit.

Invokes Module.append_features on each parameter in reverse order.

Refine mod in the receiver.

Returns a module, where refined methods are defined.

Returns an array of Refinement defined within the receiver.

module A
  refine Integer do
  end

  refine String do
  end
end

p A.refinements

produces:

[#<refinement:Integer@A>, #<refinement:String@A>]

In the first form, returns an array of the names of all constants accessible from the point of call. This list includes the names of all modules and classes defined in the global scope.

Module.constants.first(4)
   # => [:ARGF, :ARGV, :ArgumentError, :Array]

Module.constants.include?(:SEEK_SET)   # => false

class IO
  Module.constants.include?(:SEEK_SET) # => true
end

The second form calls the instance method constants.

Callback invoked whenever the receiver is included in another module or class. This should be used in preference to Module.append_features if your code wants to perform some action when a module is included in another.

module A
  def A.included(mod)
    puts "#{self} included in #{mod}"
  end
end
module Enumerable
  include A
end
 # => prints "A included in Enumerable"

Returns true if module is included or prepended in mod or one of mod’s ancestors.

module A
end
class B
  include A
end
class C < B
end
B.include?(A)   #=> true
C.include?(A)   #=> true
A.include?(A)   #=> false

Returns a list of modules included/prepended in mod (including mod itself).

module Mod
  include Math
  include Comparable
  prepend Enumerable
end

Mod.ancestors        #=> [Enumerable, Mod, Comparable, Math]
Math.ancestors       #=> [Math]
Enumerable.ancestors #=> [Enumerable]

The first form is equivalent to attr_reader. The second form is equivalent to attr_accessor(name) but deprecated. The last form is equivalent to attr_reader(name) but deprecated. Returns an array of defined method names as symbols.

Returns an array of the names of the constants accessible in mod. This includes the names of constants in any included modules (example at start of section), unless the inherit parameter is set to false.

The implementation makes no guarantees about the order in which the constants are yielded.

IO.constants.include?(:SYNC)        #=> true
IO.constants(false).include?(:SYNC) #=> false

Also see Module#const_defined?.

Returns a string representing this module or class. For basic classes and modules, this is the name. For singletons, we show information on the thing we’re attached to as well.

With no arguments, sets the default visibility for subsequently defined methods to private. With arguments, sets the named methods to have private visibility. String arguments are converted to symbols. An Array of Symbols and/or Strings is also accepted. If a single argument is passed, it is returned. If no argument is passed, nil is returned. If multiple arguments are passed, the arguments are returned as an array.

module Mod
  def a()  end
  def b()  end
  private
  def c()  end
  private :a
end
Mod.private_instance_methods   #=> [:a, :c]

Note that to show a private method on RDoc, use :doc:.

Returns a new Date object formed fom the arguments.

With no arguments, returns the date for January 1, -4712:

Date.ordinal.to_s # => "-4712-01-01"

With argument year, returns the date for January 1 of that year:

Date.ordinal(2001).to_s  # => "2001-01-01"
Date.ordinal(-2001).to_s # => "-2001-01-01"

With positive argument yday == n, returns the date for the nth day of the given year:

Date.ordinal(2001, 14).to_s # => "2001-01-14"

With negative argument yday, counts backward from the end of the year:

Date.ordinal(2001, -14).to_s # => "2001-12-18"

Raises an exception if yday is zero or out of range.

See argument start.

Related: Date.jd, Date.new.

Returns true if self is a Friday, false otherwise.

Returns true if the date is on or after the date of calendar reform, false otherwise:

Date.new(1582, 10, 15).gregorian?       # => true
(Date.new(1582, 10, 15) - 1).gregorian? # => false

Returns the Julian start date for calendar reform; if not an infinity, the returned value is suitable for passing to Date#jd:

d = Date.new(2001, 2, 3, Date::ITALY)
s = d.start     # => 2299161.0
Date.jd(s).to_s # => "1582-10-15"

d = Date.new(2001, 2, 3, Date::ENGLAND)
s = d.start     # => 2361222.0
Date.jd(s).to_s # => "1752-09-14"

Date.new(2001, 2, 3, Date::GREGORIAN).start # => -Infinity
Date.new(2001, 2, 3, Date::JULIAN).start    # => Infinity

See argument start.

Equivalent to Date#new_start with argument Date::ENGLAND.

Equivalent to Date#new_start with argument Date::GREGORIAN.