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Parses and sanitizes source into a lexically aware document

Internally the document is represented by an array with each index containing a CodeLine correlating to a line from the source code.

There are three main phases in the algorithm:

1. Sanitize/format input source

2. Search for invalid blocks

3. Format invalid blocks into something meaninful

This class handles the first part.

The reason this class exists is to format input source for better/easier/cleaner exploration.

The CodeSearch class operates at the line level so we must be careful to not introduce lines that look valid by themselves, but when removed will trigger syntax errors or strange behavior.

## Join Trailing slashes

Code with a trailing slash is logically treated as a single line:

1 it "code can be split" \
2    "across multiple lines" do

In this case removing line 2 would add a syntax error. We get around this by internally joining the two lines into a single “line” object

## Logically Consecutive lines

Code that can be broken over multiple lines such as method calls are on different lines:

1 User.
2   where(name: "schneems").
3   first

Removing line 2 can introduce a syntax error. To fix this, all lines are joined into one.

## Heredocs

A heredoc is an way of defining a multi-line string. They can cause many problems. If left as a single line, the parser would try to parse the contents as ruby code rather than as a string. Even without this problem, we still hit an issue with indentation:

1 foo = <<~HEREDOC
2  "Be yourself; everyone else is already taken.""
3    ― Oscar Wilde
4      puts "I look like ruby code" # but i'm still a heredoc
5 HEREDOC

If we didn’t join these lines then our algorithm would think that line 4 is separate from the rest, has a higher indentation, then look at it first and remove it.

If the code evaluates line 5 by itself it will think line 5 is a constant, remove it, and introduce a syntax errror.

All of these problems are fixed by joining the whole heredoc into a single line.

## Comments and whitespace

Comments can throw off the way the lexer tells us that the line logically belongs with the next line. This is valid ruby but results in a different lex output than before:

1 User.
2   where(name: "schneems").
3   # Comment here
4   first

To handle this we can replace comment lines with empty lines and then re-lex the source. This removal and re-lexing preserves line index and document size, but generates an easier to work with document.

Outputs code with highlighted lines

Whatever is passed to this class will be rendered even if it is “marked invisible” any filtering of output should be done before calling this class.

DisplayCodeWithLineNumbers.new(
  lines: lines,
  highlight_lines: [lines[2], lines[3]]
).call
# =>
    1
    2  def cat
  > 3    Dir.chdir
  > 4    end
    5  end
    6

This class is responsible for generating initial code blocks that will then later be expanded.

The biggest concern when guessing code blocks, is accidentally grabbing one that contains only an “end”. In this example:

def dog
  begonn # misspelled `begin`
  puts "bark"
  end
end

The following lines would be matched (from bottom to top):

1) end

2) puts "bark"
   end

3) begonn
   puts "bark"
   end

At this point it has no where else to expand, and it will yield this inner code as a block

A Process::Status contains information about a system process.

Thread-local variable $? is initially nil. Some methods assign to it a Process::Status object that represents a system process (either running or terminated):

`ruby -e "exit 99"`
stat = $?       # => #<Process::Status: pid 1262862 exit 99>
stat.class      # => Process::Status
stat.to_i       # => 25344
stat.stopped?   # => false
stat.exited?    # => true
stat.exitstatus # => 99

A mixin that provides methods for parsing C struct and prototype signatures.

Example

require 'fiddle/import'

include Fiddle::CParser
  #=> Object

parse_ctype('int')
  #=> Fiddle::TYPE_INT

parse_struct_signature(['int i', 'char c'])
  #=> [[Fiddle::TYPE_INT, Fiddle::TYPE_CHAR], ["i", "c"]]

parse_signature('double sum(double, double)')
  #=> ["sum", Fiddle::TYPE_DOUBLE, [Fiddle::TYPE_DOUBLE, Fiddle::TYPE_DOUBLE]]

Mixin for holding meta-information.

A parser for the pack template language.

This module is responsible for converting the prism syntax tree into other syntax trees.

Random number formatter.

Formats generated random numbers in many manners. When 'random/formatter' is required, several methods are added to empty core module Random::Formatter, making them available as Random’s instance and module methods.

Standard library SecureRandom is also extended with the module, and the methods described below are available as a module methods in it.

Examples

Generate random hexadecimal strings:

require 'random/formatter'

prng = Random.new
prng.hex(10) #=> "52750b30ffbc7de3b362"
prng.hex(10) #=> "92b15d6c8dc4beb5f559"
prng.hex(13) #=> "39b290146bea6ce975c37cfc23"
# or just
Random.hex #=> "1aed0c631e41be7f77365415541052ee"

Generate random base64 strings:

prng.base64(10) #=> "EcmTPZwWRAozdA=="
prng.base64(10) #=> "KO1nIU+p9DKxGg=="
prng.base64(12) #=> "7kJSM/MzBJI+75j8"
Random.base64(4) #=> "bsQ3fQ=="

Generate random binary strings:

prng.random_bytes(10) #=> "\016\t{\370g\310pbr\301"
prng.random_bytes(10) #=> "\323U\030TO\234\357\020\a\337"
Random.random_bytes(6) #=> "\xA1\xE6Lr\xC43"

Generate alphanumeric strings:

prng.alphanumeric(10) #=> "S8baxMJnPl"
prng.alphanumeric(10) #=> "aOxAg8BAJe"
Random.alphanumeric #=> "TmP9OsJHJLtaZYhP"

Generate UUIDs:

prng.uuid #=> "2d931510-d99f-494a-8c67-87feb05e1594"
prng.uuid #=> "bad85eb9-0713-4da7-8d36-07a8e4b00eab"
Random.uuid #=> "f14e0271-de96-45cc-8911-8910292a42cd"

All methods are available in the standard library SecureRandom, too:

SecureRandom.hex #=> "05b45376a30c67238eb93b16499e50cf"

Generate a random number in the given range as Random does

prng.random_number       #=> 0.5816771641321361
prng.random_number(1000) #=> 485
prng.random_number(1..6) #=> 3
prng.rand                #=> 0.5816771641321361
prng.rand(1000)          #=> 485
prng.rand(1..6)          #=> 3

Mixin methods for install and update options for Gem::Commands

This module is used for safely loading YAML specs from a gem. The ‘safe_load` method defined on this module is specifically designed for loading Gem specifications. For loading other YAML safely, please see Psych.safe_load

Mixin methods for Gem::Command to promote available RubyGems update

A stub yaml serializer that can handle only hashes and strings (as of now).

Generic exception class of the Timestamp module.

TimeStamp struct

Handles “Negotiate” type authentication. Geared towards authenticating with a proxy server over HTTP

Class for representing HTTP method PATCH:

require 'net/http'
uri = URI('http://example.com')
hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
uri.path = '/posts'
req = Net::HTTP::Patch.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Patch PATCH>
req.body = '{"title": "foo","body": "bar","userId": 1}'
req.content_type = 'application/json'
res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
  http.request(req)
end

See Request Headers.

Properties:

• Request body: yes.

• Response body: yes.

• Safe: no.

• Idempotent: no.

• Cacheable: no.

Related:

• Net::HTTP#patch: sends PATCH request, returns response object.

Class for representing WebDAV method PROPPATCH:

require 'net/http'
uri = URI('http://example.com')
hostname = uri.hostname # => "example.com"
req = Net::HTTP::Proppatch.new(uri) # => #<Net::HTTP::Proppatch PROPPATCH>
res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
  http.request(req)
end

See Request Headers.

Related:

• Net::HTTP#proppatch: sends PROPPATCH request, returns response object.