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Disallows further write using shutdown system call.

UNIXSocket.pair {|s1, s2|
  s1.print "ping"
  s1.close_write
  p s2.read        #=> "ping"
  s2.print "pong"
  s2.close
  p s1.read        #=> "pong"
}

creates an Addrinfo object from the arguments.

The arguments are interpreted as similar to self.

Addrinfo.tcp("0.0.0.0", 4649).family_addrinfo("www.ruby-lang.org", 80)
#=> #<Addrinfo: 221.186.184.68:80 TCP (www.ruby-lang.org:80)>

Addrinfo.unix("/tmp/sock").family_addrinfo("/tmp/sock2")
#=> #<Addrinfo: /tmp/sock2 SOCK_STREAM>

Returns the IP address and port number as 2-element array.

Addrinfo.tcp("127.0.0.1", 80).ip_unpack    #=> ["127.0.0.1", 80]
Addrinfo.tcp("::1", 80).ip_unpack          #=> ["::1", 80]

Returns the IP address as a string.

Addrinfo.tcp("127.0.0.1", 80).ip_address    #=> "127.0.0.1"
Addrinfo.tcp("::1", 80).ip_address          #=> "::1"

Returns the port number as an integer.

Addrinfo.tcp("127.0.0.1", 80).ip_port    #=> 80
Addrinfo.tcp("::1", 80).ip_port          #=> 80

Returns true for IPv4 loopback address (127.0.0.0/8). It returns false otherwise.

Returns true for IPv6 unspecified address (::). It returns false otherwise.

Returns true for IPv6 loopback address (::1). It returns false otherwise.

Returns true for IPv6 link local address (fe80::/10). It returns false otherwise.

Returns true for IPv6 site local address (fec0::/10). It returns false otherwise.

Returns true for IPv4-mapped IPv6 address (::ffff:0:0/80). It returns false otherwise.

Returns true for IPv4-compatible IPv6 address (::/80). It returns false otherwise.

Closes self for writing; closed-read setting remains unchanged.

Raises IOError if writing is attempted.

Related: StringIO#close, StringIO#close_read.

Returns true if self is closed for writing, false otherwise.

This method is defined for backward compatibility.

Advances the scan pointer until pattern is matched and consumed. Returns the number of bytes advanced, or nil if no match was found.

Look ahead to match pattern, and advance the scan pointer to the end of the match. Return the number of characters advanced, or nil if the match was unsuccessful.

It’s similar to scan_until, but without returning the intervening string.

s = StringScanner.new("Fri Dec 12 1975 14:39")
s.skip_until /12/           # -> 10
s                           #

Returns the post-match

s = StringScanner.new('test string')
s.scan(/\w+/)           # -> "test"
s.scan(/\s+/)           # -> " "
s.pre_match             # -> "test"
s.post_match            # -> "string"

s.rest_size is equivalent to s.rest.size.

Defines the constants of OLE Automation server as mod’s constants. The first argument is WIN32OLE object or type library name. If 2nd argument is omitted, the default is WIN32OLE. The first letter of Ruby’s constant variable name is upper case, so constant variable name of WIN32OLE object is capitalized. For example, the ‘xlTop’ constant of Excel is changed to ‘XlTop’ in WIN32OLE. If the first letter of constant variable is not [A-Z], then the constant is defined as CONSTANTS hash element.

module EXCEL_CONST
end
excel = WIN32OLE.new('Excel.Application')
WIN32OLE.const_load(excel, EXCEL_CONST)
puts EXCEL_CONST::XlTop # => -4160
puts EXCEL_CONST::CONSTANTS['_xlDialogChartSourceData'] # => 541

WIN32OLE.const_load(excel)
puts WIN32OLE::XlTop # => -4160

module MSO
end
WIN32OLE.const_load('Microsoft Office 9.0 Object Library', MSO)
puts MSO::MsoLineSingle # => 1

Evaluates a string containing Ruby source code, or the given block, within the context of the receiver (obj). In order to set the context, the variable self is set to obj while the code is executing, giving the code access to obj’s instance variables and private methods.

When instance_eval is given a block, obj is also passed in as the block’s only argument.

When instance_eval is given a String, the optional second and third parameters supply a filename and starting line number that are used when reporting compilation errors.

class KlassWithSecret
  def initialize
    @secret = 99
  end
  private
  def the_secret
    "Ssssh! The secret is #{@secret}."
  end
end
k = KlassWithSecret.new
k.instance_eval { @secret }          #=> 99
k.instance_eval { the_secret }       #=> "Ssssh! The secret is 99."
k.instance_eval {|obj| obj == self } #=> true

Executes the given block within the context of the receiver (obj). In order to set the context, the variable self is set to obj while the code is executing, giving the code access to obj’s instance variables. Arguments are passed as block parameters.

class KlassWithSecret
  def initialize
    @secret = 99
  end
end
k = KlassWithSecret.new
k.instance_exec(5) {|x| @secret+x }   #=> 104

If obj is a Hash object, returns obj.

Otherwise if obj responds to :to_hash, calls obj.to_hash and returns the result.

Returns nil if obj does not respond to :to_hash

Raises an exception unless obj.to_hash returns a Hash object.

Returns a new Hash object; each entry has:

• A key provided by the block.

• The value from self.

An optional hash argument can be provided to map keys to new keys. Any key not given will be mapped using the provided block, or remain the same if no block is given.

Transform keys:

h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
h1 = h.transform_keys {|key| key.to_s }
h1 # => {"foo"=>0, "bar"=>1, "baz"=>2}

h.transform_keys(foo: :bar, bar: :foo)
#=> {bar: 0, foo: 1, baz: 2}

h.transform_keys(foo: :hello, &:to_s)
#=> {:hello=>0, "bar"=>1, "baz"=>2}

Overwrites values for duplicate keys:

h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
h1 = h.transform_keys {|key| :bat }
h1 # => {:bat=>2}

Returns a new Enumerator if no block given:

h = {foo: 0, bar: 1, baz: 2}
e = h.transform_keys # => #<Enumerator: {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}:transform_keys>
h1 = e.each { |key| key.to_s }
h1 # => {"foo"=>0, "bar"=>1, "baz"=>2}

Same as Hash#transform_keys but modifies the receiver in place instead of returning a new hash.