Similar to read, but raises EOFError at end of string unless the +exception: false+ option is passed in.
Reads at most maxlen bytes in the non-blocking manner.
When no data can be read without blocking it raises OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError extended by IO::WaitReadable or IO::WaitWritable.
IO::WaitReadable means SSL needs to read internally so read_nonblock should be called again when the underlying IO is readable.
IO::WaitWritable means SSL needs to write internally so read_nonblock should be called again after the underlying IO is writable.
OpenSSL::Buffering#read_nonblock needs two rescue clause as follows:
# emulates blocking read (readpartial). begin result = ssl.read_nonblock(maxlen) rescue IO::WaitReadable IO.select([io]) retry rescue IO::WaitWritable IO.select(nil, [io]) retry end
Note that one reason that read_nonblock writes to the underlying IO is when the peer requests a new TLS/SSL handshake. See openssl the FAQ for more details. www.openssl.org/support/faq.html
By specifying a keyword argument exception to false, you can indicate that read_nonblock should not raise an IO::Wait*able exception, but return the symbol :wait_writable or :wait_readable instead. At EOF, it will return nil instead of raising EOFError.
Writes s in the non-blocking manner.
If there is buffered data, it is flushed first. This may block.
write_nonblock returns number of bytes written to the SSL connection.
When no data can be written without blocking it raises OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError extended by IO::WaitReadable or IO::WaitWritable.
IO::WaitReadable means SSL needs to read internally so write_nonblock should be called again after the underlying IO is readable.
IO::WaitWritable means SSL needs to write internally so write_nonblock should be called again after underlying IO is writable.
So OpenSSL::Buffering#write_nonblock needs two rescue clause as follows.
# emulates blocking write. begin result = ssl.write_nonblock(str) rescue IO::WaitReadable IO.select([io]) retry rescue IO::WaitWritable IO.select(nil, [io]) retry end
Note that one reason that write_nonblock reads from the underlying IO is when the peer requests a new TLS/SSL handshake. See the openssl FAQ for more details. www.openssl.org/support/faq.html
By specifying a keyword argument exception to false, you can indicate that write_nonblock should not raise an IO::Wait*able exception, but return the symbol :wait_writable or :wait_readable instead.
Generate a sequence of checkbox elements, as a String.
The checkboxes will all have the same name attribute. Each checkbox is followed by a label. There will be one checkbox for each value. Each value can be specified as a String, which will be used both as the value of the VALUE attribute and as the label for that checkbox. A single-element array has the same effect.
Each value can also be specified as a three-element array. The first element is the VALUE attribute; the second is the label; and the third is a boolean specifying whether this checkbox is CHECKED.
Each value can also be specified as a two-element array, by omitting either the value element (defaults to the same as the label), or the boolean checked element (defaults to false).
checkbox_group("name", "foo", "bar", "baz") # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="foo">foo # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="bar">bar # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="baz">baz checkbox_group("name", ["foo"], ["bar", true], "baz") # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="foo">foo # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" CHECKED NAME="name" VALUE="bar">bar # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="baz">baz checkbox_group("name", ["1", "Foo"], ["2", "Bar", true], "Baz") # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="1">Foo # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" CHECKED NAME="name" VALUE="2">Bar # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="Baz">Baz checkbox_group("NAME" => "name", "VALUES" => ["foo", "bar", "baz"]) checkbox_group("NAME" => "name", "VALUES" => [["foo"], ["bar", true], "baz"]) checkbox_group("NAME" => "name", "VALUES" => [["1", "Foo"], ["2", "Bar", true], "Baz"])
Generate a sequence of radio button Input elements, as a String.
This works the same as checkbox_group(). However, it is not valid to have more than one radiobutton in a group checked.
radio_group("name", "foo", "bar", "baz") # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="foo">foo # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="bar">bar # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="baz">baz radio_group("name", ["foo"], ["bar", true], "baz") # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="foo">foo # <INPUT TYPE="radio" CHECKED NAME="name" VALUE="bar">bar # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="baz">baz radio_group("name", ["1", "Foo"], ["2", "Bar", true], "Baz") # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="1">Foo # <INPUT TYPE="radio" CHECKED NAME="name" VALUE="2">Bar # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="Baz">Baz radio_group("NAME" => "name", "VALUES" => ["foo", "bar", "baz"]) radio_group("NAME" => "name", "VALUES" => [["foo"], ["bar", true], "baz"]) radio_group("NAME" => "name", "VALUES" => [["1", "Foo"], ["2", "Bar", true], "Baz"])
A convenience method which is same as follows:
group(1, '#<' + obj.class.name, '>') { ... }
UNTESTED
Called when the doctype is done
Displays an error statement to the error output location. Asks a question if given.
Is code a client error status?
Is code a server error status?
Is code a client error status?
Is code a server error status?
Iterates the given block, passing in integer values from int up to and including limit.
If no block is given, an Enumerator is returned instead.
5.upto(10) {|i| print i, " " } #=> 5 6 7 8 9 10
Iterates the given block, passing in decreasing values from int down to and including limit.
If no block is given, an Enumerator is returned instead.
5.downto(1) { |n| print n, ".. " } puts "Liftoff!" #=> "5.. 4.. 3.. 2.. 1.. Liftoff!"
Returns self.
Returns 1.
Returns the numerator.
1 2 3+4i <- numerator
- + -i -> ----
2 3 6 <- denominator
c = Complex('1/2+2/3i') #=> ((1/2)+(2/3)*i)
n = c.numerator #=> (3+4i)
d = c.denominator #=> 6
n / d #=> ((1/2)+(2/3)*i)
Complex(Rational(n.real, d), Rational(n.imag, d))
#=> ((1/2)+(2/3)*i)
See denominator.
Returns the denominator (lcm of both denominator - real and imag).
See numerator.