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Set the changed state of this object. Notifications will be sent only if the changed state is true.

state

Boolean indicating the changed state of this Observable.

Returns true if this object’s state has been changed since the last notify_observers call.

Computes the arc tangent given y and x. Returns a Float in the range -PI..PI. Return value is a angle in radians between the positive x-axis of cartesian plane and the point given by the coordinates (x, y) on it.

Domain: (-INFINITY, INFINITY)

Codomain: [-PI, PI]

Math.atan2(-0.0, -1.0) #=> -3.141592653589793
Math.atan2(-1.0, -1.0) #=> -2.356194490192345
Math.atan2(-1.0, 0.0)  #=> -1.5707963267948966
Math.atan2(-1.0, 1.0)  #=> -0.7853981633974483
Math.atan2(-0.0, 1.0)  #=> -0.0
Math.atan2(0.0, 1.0)   #=> 0.0
Math.atan2(1.0, 1.0)   #=> 0.7853981633974483
Math.atan2(1.0, 0.0)   #=> 1.5707963267948966
Math.atan2(1.0, -1.0)  #=> 2.356194490192345
Math.atan2(0.0, -1.0)  #=> 3.141592653589793
Math.atan2(INFINITY, INFINITY)   #=> 0.7853981633974483
Math.atan2(INFINITY, -INFINITY)  #=> 2.356194490192345
Math.atan2(-INFINITY, INFINITY)  #=> -0.7853981633974483
Math.atan2(-INFINITY, -INFINITY) #=> -2.356194490192345

Computes the arc tangent of x. Returns -PI/2..PI/2.

Domain: (-INFINITY, INFINITY)

Codomain: (-PI/2, PI/2)

Math.atan(0) #=> 0.0

Computes the inverse hyperbolic tangent of x.

Domain: (-1, 1)

Codomain: (-INFINITY, INFINITY)

Math.atanh(1) #=> Infinity

Calculates the gamma function of x.

Note that gamma(n) is same as fact(n-1) for integer n > 0. However gamma(n) returns float and can be an approximation.

def fact(n) (1..n).inject(1) {|r,i| r*i } end
1.upto(26) {|i| p [i, Math.gamma(i), fact(i-1)] }
#=> [1, 1.0, 1]
#   [2, 1.0, 1]
#   [3, 2.0, 2]
#   [4, 6.0, 6]
#   [5, 24.0, 24]
#   [6, 120.0, 120]
#   [7, 720.0, 720]
#   [8, 5040.0, 5040]
#   [9, 40320.0, 40320]
#   [10, 362880.0, 362880]
#   [11, 3628800.0, 3628800]
#   [12, 39916800.0, 39916800]
#   [13, 479001600.0, 479001600]
#   [14, 6227020800.0, 6227020800]
#   [15, 87178291200.0, 87178291200]
#   [16, 1307674368000.0, 1307674368000]
#   [17, 20922789888000.0, 20922789888000]
#   [18, 355687428096000.0, 355687428096000]
#   [19, 6.402373705728e+15, 6402373705728000]
#   [20, 1.21645100408832e+17, 121645100408832000]
#   [21, 2.43290200817664e+18, 2432902008176640000]
#   [22, 5.109094217170944e+19, 51090942171709440000]
#   [23, 1.1240007277776077e+21, 1124000727777607680000]
#   [24, 2.5852016738885062e+22, 25852016738884976640000]
#   [25, 6.204484017332391e+23, 620448401733239439360000]
#   [26, 1.5511210043330954e+25, 15511210043330985984000000]

Calculates the logarithmic gamma of x and the sign of gamma of x.

Math.lgamma(x) is same as

[Math.log(Math.gamma(x).abs), Math.gamma(x) < 0 ? -1 : 1]

but avoid overflow by Math.gamma(x) for large x.

Math.lgamma(0) #=> [Infinity, 1]

Some operating systems retain the status of terminated child processes until the parent collects that status (normally using some variant of wait()). If the parent never collects this status, the child stays around as a zombie process. Process::detach prevents this by setting up a separate Ruby thread whose sole job is to reap the status of the process pid when it terminates. Use detach only when you do not intend to explicitly wait for the child to terminate.

The waiting thread returns the exit status of the detached process when it terminates, so you can use Thread#join to know the result. If specified pid is not a valid child process ID, the thread returns nil immediately.

The waiting thread has pid method which returns the pid.

In this first example, we don’t reap the first child process, so it appears as a zombie in the process status display.

p1 = fork { sleep 0.1 }
p2 = fork { sleep 0.2 }
Process.waitpid(p2)
sleep 2
system("ps -ho pid,state -p #{p1}")

produces:

27389 Z

In the next example, Process::detach is used to reap the child automatically.

p1 = fork { sleep 0.1 }
p2 = fork { sleep 0.2 }
Process.detach(p1)
Process.waitpid(p2)
sleep 2
system("ps -ho pid,state -p #{p1}")

(produces no output)

Returns the maximum number of gids allowed in the supplemental group access list.

Process.maxgroups   #=> 32

Sets the maximum number of gids allowed in the supplemental group access list.

No documentation available

Enumerates the outdated local gems yielding the local specification and the latest remote version.

This method may take some time to return as it must check each local gem against the server’s index.

Iterates through the child elements, yielding for each Element that has a particular attribute set.

key

the name of the attribute to search for

value

the value of the attribute

max

(optional) causes this method to return after yielding for this number of matching children

name

(optional) if supplied, this is an XPath that filters the children to check.

doc = Document.new "<a><b @id='1'/><c @id='2'/><d @id='1'/><e/></a>"
# Yields b, c, d
doc.root.each_element_with_attribute( 'id' ) {|e| p e}
# Yields b, d
doc.root.each_element_with_attribute( 'id', '1' ) {|e| p e}
# Yields b
doc.root.each_element_with_attribute( 'id', '1', 1 ) {|e| p e}
# Yields d
doc.root.each_element_with_attribute( 'id', '1', 0, 'd' ) {|e| p e}
No documentation available
No documentation available
No documentation available
No documentation available

Sets up a fake fetcher using the gems from util_make_gems. Optionally additional prerelease gems may be included.

Gems created by this method may be fetched using Gem::RemoteFetcher.

Sets up Gem::SpecFetcher to return information from the gems in specs. Best used with +@all_gems+ from util_setup_fake_fetcher.

Returns a Hash containing the following keys:

:accept

Number of started SSL/TLS handshakes in server mode

:accept_good

Number of established SSL/TLS sessions in server mode

:accept_renegotiate

Number of start renegotiations in server mode

:cache_full

Number of sessions that were removed due to cache overflow

:cache_hits

Number of successfully reused connections

:cache_misses

Number of sessions proposed by clients that were not found in the cache

:cache_num

Number of sessions in the internal session cache

:cb_hits

Number of sessions retrieved from the external cache in server mode

:connect

Number of started SSL/TLS handshakes in client mode

:connect_good

Number of established SSL/TLS sessions in client mode

:connect_renegotiate

Number of start renegotiations in client mode

:timeouts

Number of sessions proposed by clients that were found in the cache but had expired due to timeouts

Returns true if key is the corresponding private key to the Subject Public Key Information, false otherwise.

No documentation available

Takes the first digit of the reply code to determine the status type

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