Shows everything in the Session
object. This is for diagnostic purposes.
Raised when there is an attempt to modify a frozen object.
[1, 2, 3].freeze << 4
raises the exception:
FrozenError: can't modify frozen Array
SocketError
is the error class for socket.
SOCKS is an Internet protocol that routes packets between a client and a server through a proxy server. SOCKS5, if supported, additionally provides authentication so only authorized users may access a server.
OLEProperty
helper class of Property with arguments.
This class implements a pretty printing algorithm. It finds line breaks and nice indentations for grouped structure.
By default, the class assumes that primitive elements are strings and each byte in the strings have single column in width. But it can be used for other situations by giving suitable arguments for some methods:
newline object and space generation block for PrettyPrint.new
optional width argument for PrettyPrint#text
There are several candidate uses:
text formatting using proportional fonts
multibyte characters which has columns different to number of bytes
non-string formatting
Box based formatting?
Other (better) model/algorithm?
Report any bugs at bugs.ruby-lang.org
Christian Lindig, Strictly Pretty, March 2000, www.st.cs.uni-sb.de/~lindig/papers/#pretty
Philip Wadler, A prettier printer, March 1998, homepages.inf.ed.ac.uk/wadler/topics/language-design.html#prettier
Tanaka Akira <akr@fsij.org>
Raised when attempting to divide an integer by 0.
42 / 0 #=> ZeroDivisionError: divided by 0
Note that only division by an exact 0 will raise the exception:
42 / 0.0 #=> Float::INFINITY 42 / -0.0 #=> -Float::INFINITY 0 / 0.0 #=> NaN
Raised when Ruby can’t yield as requested.
A typical scenario is attempting to yield when no block is given:
def call_block yield 42 end call_block
raises the exception:
LocalJumpError: no block given (yield)
A more subtle example:
def get_me_a_return Proc.new { return 42 } end get_me_a_return.call
raises the exception:
LocalJumpError: unexpected return
Raised when throw
is called with a tag which does not have corresponding catch
block.
throw "foo", "bar"
raises the exception:
UncaughtThrowError: uncaught throw "foo"
Profile provides a way to Profile your Ruby application.
Profiling your program is a way of determining which methods are called and how long each method takes to complete. This way you can detect which methods are possible bottlenecks.
Profiling your program will slow down your execution time considerably, so activate it only when you need it. Don’t confuse benchmarking with profiling.
There are two ways to activate Profiling:
Run your Ruby script with -rprofile
:
ruby -rprofile example.rb
If you’re profiling an executable in your $PATH
you can use ruby -S
:
ruby -rprofile -S some_executable
Just require ‘profile’:
require 'profile' def slow_method 5000.times do 9999999999999999*999999999 end end def fast_method 5000.times do 9999999999999999+999999999 end end slow_method fast_method
The output in both cases is a report when the execution is over:
ruby -rprofile example.rb % cumulative self self total time seconds seconds calls ms/call ms/call name 68.42 0.13 0.13 2 65.00 95.00 Integer#times 15.79 0.16 0.03 5000 0.01 0.01 Fixnum#* 15.79 0.19 0.03 5000 0.01 0.01 Fixnum#+ 0.00 0.19 0.00 2 0.00 0.00 IO#set_encoding 0.00 0.19 0.00 1 0.00 100.00 Object#slow_method 0.00 0.19 0.00 2 0.00 0.00 Module#method_added 0.00 0.19 0.00 1 0.00 90.00 Object#fast_method 0.00 0.19 0.00 1 0.00 190.00 #toplevel
Returns the octet string representation of the elliptic curve point.
conversion_form specifies how the point is converted. Possible values are:
:compressed
:uncompressed
:hybrid
In order to execute a command on your OS, you need to define it as a Shell
method.
Alternatively, you can execute any command via Shell::CommandProcessor#system
even if it is not defined.