Similar to read, but raises EOFError at end of string unless the +exception: false+ option is passed in.
Consumes size bytes from the buffer
Reads at most maxlen bytes in the non-blocking manner.
When no data can be read without blocking it raises OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError extended by IO::WaitReadable or IO::WaitWritable.
IO::WaitReadable means SSL needs to read internally so read_nonblock should be called again when the underlying IO is readable.
IO::WaitWritable means SSL needs to write internally so read_nonblock should be called again after the underlying IO is writable.
OpenSSL::Buffering#read_nonblock needs two rescue clause as follows:
# emulates blocking read (readpartial). begin result = ssl.read_nonblock(maxlen) rescue IO::WaitReadable IO.select([io]) retry rescue IO::WaitWritable IO.select(nil, [io]) retry end
Note that one reason that read_nonblock writes to the underlying IO is when the peer requests a new TLS/SSL handshake. See openssl the FAQ for more details. www.openssl.org/support/faq.html
By specifying a keyword argument exception to false, you can indicate that read_nonblock should not raise an IO::Wait*able exception, but return the symbol :wait_writable or :wait_readable instead. At EOF, it will return nil instead of raising EOFError.
Writes s in the non-blocking manner.
If there is buffered data, it is flushed first. This may block.
write_nonblock returns number of bytes written to the SSL connection.
When no data can be written without blocking it raises OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError extended by IO::WaitReadable or IO::WaitWritable.
IO::WaitReadable means SSL needs to read internally so write_nonblock should be called again after the underlying IO is readable.
IO::WaitWritable means SSL needs to write internally so write_nonblock should be called again after underlying IO is writable.
So OpenSSL::Buffering#write_nonblock needs two rescue clause as follows.
# emulates blocking write. begin result = ssl.write_nonblock(str) rescue IO::WaitReadable IO.select([io]) retry rescue IO::WaitWritable IO.select(nil, [io]) retry end
Note that one reason that write_nonblock reads from the underlying IO is when the peer requests a new TLS/SSL handshake. See the openssl FAQ for more details. www.openssl.org/support/faq.html
By specifying a keyword argument exception to false, you can indicate that write_nonblock should not raise an IO::Wait*able exception, but return the symbol :wait_writable or :wait_readable instead.
Generates a String with length number of pseudo-random bytes.
Pseudo-random byte sequences generated by ::pseudo_bytes will be unique if they are of sufficient length, but are not necessarily unpredictable.
OpenSSL::Random.pseudo_bytes(12) #=> "..."
Generates a mask value for priority levels at or below the level specified. See mask=
The total time used for garbage collection in seconds
Generate an Image Button Input element as a string.
src is the URL of the image to use for the button. name is the input name. alt is the alternative text for the image.
Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.
image_button("url") # <INPUT TYPE="image" SRC="url"> image_button("url", "name", "string") # <INPUT TYPE="image" SRC="url" NAME="name" ALT="string"> image_button("SRC" => "url", "ALT" => "string") # <INPUT TYPE="image" SRC="url" ALT="string">
Generate a Password Input element as a string.
name is the name of the input field. value is its default value. size is the size of the input field display. maxlength is the maximum length of the inputted password.
Alternatively, attributes can be specified as a hash.
password_field("name") # <INPUT TYPE="password" NAME="name" SIZE="40"> password_field("name", "value") # <INPUT TYPE="password" NAME="name" VALUE="value" SIZE="40"> password_field("password", "value", 80, 200) # <INPUT TYPE="password" NAME="name" VALUE="value" SIZE="80" MAXLENGTH="200"> password_field("NAME" => "name", "VALUE" => "value") # <INPUT TYPE="password" NAME="name" VALUE="value">
Generate a Select element as a string.
name is the name of the element. The values are the options that can be selected from the Select menu. Each value can be a String or a one, two, or three-element Array. If a String or a one-element Array, this is both the value of that option and the text displayed for it. If a three-element Array, the elements are the option value, displayed text, and a boolean value specifying whether this option starts as selected. The two-element version omits either the option value (defaults to the same as the display text) or the boolean selected specifier (defaults to false).
The attributes and options can also be specified as a hash. In this case, options are specified as an array of values as described above, with the hash key of “VALUES”.
popup_menu("name", "foo", "bar", "baz") # <SELECT NAME="name"> # <OPTION VALUE="foo">foo</OPTION> # <OPTION VALUE="bar">bar</OPTION> # <OPTION VALUE="baz">baz</OPTION> # </SELECT> popup_menu("name", ["foo"], ["bar", true], "baz") # <SELECT NAME="name"> # <OPTION VALUE="foo">foo</OPTION> # <OPTION VALUE="bar" SELECTED>bar</OPTION> # <OPTION VALUE="baz">baz</OPTION> # </SELECT> popup_menu("name", ["1", "Foo"], ["2", "Bar", true], "Baz") # <SELECT NAME="name"> # <OPTION VALUE="1">Foo</OPTION> # <OPTION SELECTED VALUE="2">Bar</OPTION> # <OPTION VALUE="Baz">Baz</OPTION> # </SELECT> popup_menu("NAME" => "name", "SIZE" => 2, "MULTIPLE" => true, "VALUES" => [["1", "Foo"], ["2", "Bar", true], "Baz"]) # <SELECT NAME="name" MULTIPLE SIZE="2"> # <OPTION VALUE="1">Foo</OPTION> # <OPTION SELECTED VALUE="2">Bar</OPTION> # <OPTION VALUE="Baz">Baz</OPTION> # </SELECT>
Generate a sequence of radio button Input elements, as a String.
This works the same as checkbox_group(). However, it is not valid to have more than one radiobutton in a group checked.
radio_group("name", "foo", "bar", "baz") # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="foo">foo # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="bar">bar # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="baz">baz radio_group("name", ["foo"], ["bar", true], "baz") # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="foo">foo # <INPUT TYPE="radio" CHECKED NAME="name" VALUE="bar">bar # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="baz">baz radio_group("name", ["1", "Foo"], ["2", "Bar", true], "Baz") # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="1">Foo # <INPUT TYPE="radio" CHECKED NAME="name" VALUE="2">Bar # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="Baz">Baz radio_group("NAME" => "name", "VALUES" => ["foo", "bar", "baz"]) radio_group("NAME" => "name", "VALUES" => [["foo"], ["bar", true], "baz"]) radio_group("NAME" => "name", "VALUES" => [["1", "Foo"], ["2", "Bar", true], "Baz"])
Iterates through the header names and values, passing in the name and value to the code block supplied.
Returns an enumerator if no block is given.
Example:
response.header.each_header {|key,value| puts "#{key} = #{value}" }
Sets the HTTP Range: header. Accepts either a Range object as a single argument, or a beginning index and a length from that index. Example:
req.range = (0..1023) req.set_range 0, 1023
Returns an Integer object which represents the HTTP Content-Length: header field, or nil if that field was not provided.
Returns a Range object which represents the value of the Content-Range: header field. For a partial entity body, this indicates where this fragment fits inside the full entity body, as range of byte offsets.
Returns a content type string such as “text/html”. This method returns nil if Content-Type: header field does not exist.
Set an HTML form data set. params is the form data set; it is an Array of Arrays or a Hash +enctype is the type to encode the form data set. It is application/x-www-form-urlencoded or multipart/form-data. formopt is an optional hash to specify the detail.
the boundary of the multipart message
the charset of the message. All names and the values of non-file fields are encoded as the charset.
Each item of params is an array and contains following items:
name
the name of the field
value
opt
an optional hash to specify additional information
Each item is a file field or a normal field. If value is a File object or the opt have a filename key, the item is treated as a file field.
If Transfer-Encoding is set as chunked, this send the request in chunked encoding. Because chunked encoding is HTTP/1.1 feature, you must confirm the server to support HTTP/1.1 before sending it.
Example:
http.set_form([["q", "ruby"], ["lang", "en"]])
See also RFC 2388, RFC 2616, HTML 4.01, and HTML5
returns “type/subtype” which is MIME Content-Type. It is downcased for canonicalization. Content-Type parameters are stripped.
Returns a list of encodings in Content-Encoding field as an array of strings.
The encodings are downcased for canonicalization.