Initializes a copy of a {DependencyGraph}, ensuring that all {#vertices} are properly copied. @param [DependencyGraph] other the graph to copy.
See the OpenSSL
documentation for EC_GROUP_get_degree()
Is this tar entry a directory?
Reads len
bytes from the tar file entry, or the rest of the entry if nil
Rewinds to the beginning of the tar file entry
Returns an empty resolution state @return [ResolutionState] an empty state
creates TCP/IP server sockets for host and port. host is optional.
If no block given, it returns an array of listening sockets.
If a block is given, the block is called with the sockets. The value of the block is returned. The socket is closed when this method returns.
If port is 0, actual port number is chosen dynamically. However all sockets in the result has same port number.
# tcp_server_sockets returns two sockets. sockets = Socket.tcp_server_sockets(1296) p sockets #=> [#<Socket:fd 3>, #<Socket:fd 4>] # The sockets contains IPv6 and IPv4 sockets. sockets.each {|s| p s.local_address } #=> #<Addrinfo: [::]:1296 TCP> # #<Addrinfo: 0.0.0.0:1296 TCP> # IPv6 and IPv4 socket has same port number, 53114, even if it is chosen dynamically. sockets = Socket.tcp_server_sockets(0) sockets.each {|s| p s.local_address } #=> #<Addrinfo: [::]:53114 TCP> # #<Addrinfo: 0.0.0.0:53114 TCP> # The block is called with the sockets. Socket.tcp_server_sockets(0) {|sockets| p sockets #=> [#<Socket:fd 3>, #<Socket:fd 4>] }
creates a TCP/IP server on port and calls the block for each connection accepted. The block is called with a socket and a client_address as an Addrinfo
object.
If host is specified, it is used with port to determine the server addresses.
The socket is not closed when the block returns. So application should close it explicitly.
This method calls the block sequentially. It means that the next connection is not accepted until the block returns. So concurrent mechanism, thread for example, should be used to service multiple clients at a time.
Note that Addrinfo.getaddrinfo
is used to determine the server socket addresses. When Addrinfo.getaddrinfo
returns two or more addresses, IPv4 and IPv6 address for example, all of them are used. Socket.tcp_server_loop
succeeds if one socket can be used at least.
# Sequential echo server. # It services only one client at a time. Socket.tcp_server_loop(16807) {|sock, client_addrinfo| begin IO.copy_stream(sock, sock) ensure sock.close end } # Threaded echo server # It services multiple clients at a time. # Note that it may accept connections too much. Socket.tcp_server_loop(16807) {|sock, client_addrinfo| Thread.new { begin IO.copy_stream(sock, sock) ensure sock.close end } }
Creates UDP/IP sockets for a UDP server.
If no block given, it returns an array of sockets.
If a block is given, the block is called with the sockets. The value of the block is returned. The sockets are closed when this method returns.
If port is zero, some port is chosen. But the chosen port is used for the all sockets.
# UDP/IP echo server Socket.udp_server_sockets(0) {|sockets| p sockets.first.local_address.ip_port #=> 32963 Socket.udp_server_loop_on(sockets) {|msg, msg_src| msg_src.reply msg } }