Returns the list of private methods accessible to obj. If the all parameter is set to false
, only those methods in the receiver will be listed.
Returns an array of instance variable names for the receiver. Note that simply defining an accessor does not create the corresponding instance variable.
class Fred attr_accessor :a1 def initialize @iv = 3 end end Fred.new.instance_variables #=> [:@iv]
Returns true
if obj is an instance of the given class. See also Object#kind_of?
.
class A; end class B < A; end class C < B; end b = B.new b.instance_of? A #=> false b.instance_of? B #=> true b.instance_of? C #=> false
Returns any backtrace associated with the exception. This method is similar to Exception#backtrace
, but the backtrace is an array of
Thread::Backtrace::Location.
Now, this method is not affected by Exception#set_backtrace()
.
Deserializes JSON
string by constructing new Exception
object with message m
and backtrace b
serialized with to_json
When this module is included in another, Ruby calls append_features
in this module, passing it the receiving module in mod. Ruby’s default implementation is to add the constants, methods, and module variables of this module to mod if this module has not already been added to mod or one of its ancestors. See also Module#include
.
When this module is prepended in another, Ruby calls prepend_features
in this module, passing it the receiving module in mod. Ruby’s default implementation is to overlay the constants, methods, and module variables of this module to mod if this module has not already been added to mod or one of its ancestors. See also Module#prepend
.
Creates instance variables and corresponding methods that return the value of each instance variable. Equivalent to calling “attr
:name” on each name in turn. String arguments are converted to symbols.
Creates an accessor method to allow assignment to the attribute symbol.id2name
. String arguments are converted to symbols.
Defines a named attribute for this module, where the name is symbol.id2name
, creating an instance variable (@name
) and a corresponding access method to read it. Also creates a method called name=
to set the attribute. String arguments are converted to symbols.
module Mod attr_accessor(:one, :two) end Mod.instance_methods.sort #=> [:one, :one=, :two, :two=]
Returns an array containing the names of the public and protected instance methods in the receiver. For a module, these are the public and protected methods; for a class, they are the instance (not singleton) methods. If the optional parameter is false
, the methods of any ancestors are not included.
module A def method1() end end class B include A def method2() end end class C < B def method3() end end A.instance_methods(false) #=> [:method1] B.instance_methods(false) #=> [:method2] B.instance_methods(true).include?(:method1) #=> true C.instance_methods(false) #=> [:method3] C.instance_methods.include?(:method2) #=> true
Makes a list of existing constants public.
Returns an UnboundMethod
representing the given instance method in mod.
class Interpreter def do_a() print "there, "; end def do_d() print "Hello "; end def do_e() print "!\n"; end def do_v() print "Dave"; end Dispatcher = { "a" => instance_method(:do_a), "d" => instance_method(:do_d), "e" => instance_method(:do_e), "v" => instance_method(:do_v) } def interpret(string) string.each_char {|b| Dispatcher[b].bind(self).call } end end interpreter = Interpreter.new interpreter.interpret('dave')
produces:
Hello there, Dave!
Deserializes JSON
string by converting numerator value n
, denominator value d
, to a Rational
object.
Returns the fractional part of the day.
DateTime.new(2001,2,3,12).day_fraction #=> (1/2)
Duplicates self and resets its the day of calendar reform.
d = Date.new(1582,10,15) d.new_start(Date::JULIAN) #=> #<Date: 1582-10-05 ...>
This method is equivalent to d + n.
This method is equivalent to d - n.
Deserializes JSON
string by converting Julian year y
, month m
, day d
and Day of Calendar Reform sg
to Date
.
Deserializes JSON
string by converting year y
, month m
, day d
, hour H
, minute M
, second S
, offset of
and Day of Calendar Reform sg
to DateTime
.
Returns an array containing the values associated with the given keys.